Karem, A., rajab, K., Esmail, A. (2025). Effect of Ionic Strength of Irrigation Water on Nitrate Concentration of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) In Erbil Plainnitrate concentration of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in Erbil plain. , 16(4), 39-47. doi: 10.58928/ku25.16405
Aveen Sabir Karem; kazhin sarbaz rajab; Akram Othman Esmail. "Effect of Ionic Strength of Irrigation Water on Nitrate Concentration of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) In Erbil Plainnitrate concentration of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in Erbil plain". , 16, 4, 2025, 39-47. doi: 10.58928/ku25.16405
Karem, A., rajab, K., Esmail, A. (2025). 'Effect of Ionic Strength of Irrigation Water on Nitrate Concentration of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) In Erbil Plainnitrate concentration of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in Erbil plain', , 16(4), pp. 39-47. doi: 10.58928/ku25.16405
Karem, A., rajab, K., Esmail, A. Effect of Ionic Strength of Irrigation Water on Nitrate Concentration of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) In Erbil Plainnitrate concentration of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in Erbil plain. , 2025; 16(4): 39-47. doi: 10.58928/ku25.16405

Effect of Ionic Strength of Irrigation Water on Nitrate Concentration of Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) In Erbil Plainnitrate concentration of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in Erbil plain

Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)
Volume 16, Issue 4, December 2025, Pages 39-47    PDF (584.69 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.58928/ku25.16405
Authors
Aveen Sabir Karem1; kazhin sarbaz rajab* 2; Akram Othman Esmail3
1Soil and Water Department, College of Agriculture, Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil, IRAQ..
2Soil and Water Department, college of Agricultural and Engineering Sciences , Salahadin University-Erbil, Iraq
3Soil and Water Department, College of Agriculture, Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil, IRAQ
Abstract
The study was conducted during the growing season of 2024 at 28 locations in Erbil plain, Iraq, Iraqi Kurdistan Region, to test the influence of the ionic strength of irrigation water on nitrate (NO3-) concentration of the cucumber plant. The green test and the spectrophotometric method were used for nitrate determination. The selected locations were similar in soil properties, type, and amount of chemical and organic fertilizers applied by farmers. The results indicated the permissible nitrate concentration (NO3-) in the studied cucumber samples was less than the maximum allowable concentration of 400 μg g-1. The highest soil calcium carbonate, active lime, and soil pH were ranged between (20.76 - 29.31%), (2.09 - 4.39%), and (7.70 - 8.30), respectively. The nitrate concentration of cucumber in the study ranged between 189.67 to 324.11 and 182.16 to 316.12 (μg g-1 for both analysis methods, respectively. A significant correlation was recorded between the green analyzer and the spectrophotometric method, with a correlation coefficient value of (r =0.97**) was recorded between both methods in determining nitrate concentration. This means that both methods of nitrate analysis are accurate and dependable for scientific studies. The negative correlation was recorded between cucumber nitrate concentration and the total and active calcium carbonate, with the correlation coefficient values (r = -0.57* and -0.83 **), respectively. The statistical analysis results indicated to a significant correlation between nitrate concentration and ionic strength of irrigation water, with the correlation coefficient values of (r=0.63* and 0.73*) between nitrate concentration in cucumber and irrigation water ionic strength for green analyzer and spectrophotometric methods, respectively. Finally, the nitrate concentration of the cucumber plant had no risk on human health due to its low concentration.
Keywords
Water Ionic strength; Calcareous soil; Cucumber plant; Nitrate risk; Methods of analysis
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