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Evaluation of Peripheral Nerves in Patients with Acromegaly by Electrodiagnostic Study | ||
| Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal | ||
| Volume 25, Issue 3, July 2026, Pages 273-282 | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.52573/ipmj.2025.162853 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Taiseer Saad Musa* 1; Farqad Bader Hamdan2; Abbas Mahdi Rahmah3 | ||
| 1Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical City, Baghdad, Iraq | ||
| 2Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq. | ||
| 3National Diabetes Center, Mustansyriah University, Baghdad, Iraq. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background: Acromegaly is a rare multisystem disorder caused by excess growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), typically from a pituitary somatotroph adenoma. Neurological complications, particularly peripheral neuropathies, are common but under-investigated. Objectives: To evaluate peripheral nerve involvement in Iraqi patients with acromegaly and assess the impact of IGF-1 levels, disease duration, adenoma size, and other clinical variables on nerve function. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 41 acromegalic patients (≥25 years) who underwent detailed neurophysiological testing. Patients were classified as metabolically controlled or uncontrolled based on IGF-1 levels. Results: IGF-1 and GH levels were significantly lower in the controlled group (p<0.001), while other clinical variables showed no significant differences. Neurophysiological findings revealed significantly reduced sensory and motor amplitudes, prolonged latencies, and slower conduction velocities in the uncontrolled group. IGF-1 levels correlated positively with sensory and motor latencies and negatively with conduction velocities and CMAP amplitudes. Larger adenoma size and presence of diabetes were also associated with worse nerve parameters. Deep X-ray therapy and surgical excision showed beneficial associations with median nerve conduction velocity. Conclusion: Peripheral nerve dysfunction, including carpal tunnel syndrome and polyneuropathy, is more severe in metabolically uncontrolled acromegaly. Macroadenomas and poor biochemical control are linked with worse neurophysiological outcomes. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Acromegaly; Carpal tunnel syndrome; Electrophysiology; Insulin-like growth factor 1; Peripheral neuropathy | ||
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