Cellulose–bentonite clay as an efficient adsorbent for Leishman dye: Investigation of Adsporption isotherm

Hassan, Zahraa Ridha; Kareem, Eman Talib

	Cellulose–bentonite clay as an efficient adsorbent for Leishman dye: Investigation of Adsporption isotherm
Al-Zahraa Journal for Health and Medical Sciences
Volume 3, Issue 4, December 2025, Pages 102-125 PDF (1.77 M)
Document Type: Research Article
Authors
zahraa ridha hassan^* ¹; Eman Talib Kareem²
¹s.uokerbala.edu.iq
²Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Kerbala, Karbala, Iraq
Abstract
Abstract: This study investigated the efficacy of adsorption for Leishman dye from aqueous solutions using a bentonite–diethylaminoethyl cellulose composite (Bt–DEAE-cellulose). The effects of adsorbent mass, contact time and acidity on dye removal were studied in a batch adsorption system. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), were used to evaluate the composite, demonstrating a mesoporous structure and effective surface modification. Dye removed almost 95% when the ideal adsorption conditions were, 0.007 g of adsorbent in 25 mL of 100 mg L⁻¹ solution, 30 minutes of contact time, and pH=8. The Langmuir model yielded the greatest adsorption capacity 700 mg.g-1, while Freundlich, Temkin, and Langmuir isotherms provided a good description of the equilibrium data. Adsorption is spontaneous and exothermic between 288 and 318 K, according to thermodynamic characteristics (ΔG < 0; ΔH < 0). These findings show that Bt-DEAE-cellulose is an effective and inexpensive adsorbent for handling dye-containing wastewater, including Leishman dye
Keywords
Adsorption; Bentonite; DEAE-cellulose; Leishman dye

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