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"Spatial analysis of the distribution of special education schools in the municipalities of (Al-Shab and Al-Azamiyah)." | ||
| Kirkuk University Journal: Humanity Studies | ||
| Volume 21, Issue 1, March 2026, Pages 349-378 PDF (1.75 M) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.32894/1992-1179.2026.168443.1334 | ||
| Author | ||
| Raghad Hussein Ali* | ||
| Al-Mustansiriyah University ,College of Education ,Department of Geography | ||
| Abstract | ||
| This research aims to develop a study that helps in the optimal redistribution of special education classes. It evaluates the efficiency of the distribution of special education schools in the study area (Al-Shab and Al-Azamiyah) under the First Directorate of Education in Rusafa, and investigates their alignment with the needs of individuals with special needs in terms of distance and geographical location. Additionally, the study provides recommendations for improving the distribution and structure of these schools to ensure an ideal and balanced distribution across the area. The research methodology adopted was quantitative, utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyze the distribution of special education schools in the study area. Two main techniques were applied: the standard distance study to determine the concentration of schools around neighborhood centers, and the nearest neighbor technique to analyze the distribution patterns of schools using clustering and random distribution methods. Data was collected from 65 schools in the area, and the research focused on analyzing the geographic distribution of the schools and drawing conclusions about the effectiveness of this distribution. The study revealed that the standard distance indicated the concentration of schools around the neighborhood centers, while the nearest neighbor technique showed that schools followed various patterns in their respective neighborhoods, ranging from clustered to random distributions. The research concluded with a set of findings and recommendations, the most prominent of which was the redistribution and restructuring of some classes, transferring them to other schools to achieve an ideal and balanced distribution in the study area. Quantitative methods, along with Geographic Information Systems (GIS), were utilized to assess the efficiency of the distribution. The study of standard distance indicated the concentration of schools around the centers of the neighborhoods in the study area, while the nearest neighbor technique revealed that the schools adopted different distribution patterns in the area, including clustered and random patterns. The research concluded with a series of findings and suggestions, the most significant being the redistribution and restructuring of certain classes and transferring them to other schools in order to achieve an optimal and balanced distribution in the study area. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Spatial analysis; special education schools; Baghdad | ||
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