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Association Between Cesarean Scar Niche Characteristics and Menstrual Irregularities: A Cross-Sectional Study | ||
| Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal | ||
| Volume 25, Issue 3, July 2026, Pages 247-254 PDF (940.18 K) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.52573/ipmj.2026.167108 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Ridab Ali Saeed* 1; Ahmed Rifat2 | ||
| 1Ministry of Health | ||
| 2Al-Elwiya Maternity Teaching Hospital | ||
| Abstract | ||
| ABSTRACT: Background: Cesarean section is a prevalent obstetric procedure with potential complications, including the formation of uterine niches or isthmoceles. These defects are associated with irregular menstrual cycles and adverse gynecological outcomes. Aim of the Study: To evaluate the association between cesarean scar niches and menstrual irregularities, and examine whether niche size and myometerial thickness are linked to menstrual irregularities. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 200 women with a history of cesarean section. Participants were divided into regular and irregular menstrual cycle groups and further categorized by the presence or absence of uterine niches. Clinical and demographic data were collected, and transvaginal ultrasound was utilized to assess niche characteristics. Results: Menstrual irregularities were reported in 43.5% of participants, with a significantly higher prevalence of uterine niches in this group (41.4%) compared to those with regular cycles (18.6%; P < 0.001). Larger niche sizes and reduced myometerial thickness were significantly associated with irregular cycles. Intermenstrual bleeding was the most common menstrual abnormalities observed among women with niches. Conclusion: Cesarean scar niches are significantly associated with menstrual irregularities. Early detection and tailored management may mitigate these complications, improving patient outcomes. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Cesarean scar niche; Menstrual irregularities; Myometrial thickness; Transvaginal ultrasound | ||
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