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Investigating the Therapeutic Role of Withania somnifera in Metabolic Regulation in Diabetic Rat Models | ||
| Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Veterinary Medicine Sciences | ||
| Volume 25, Issue 1, May 2026, Pages 70-83 | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.29079/qjvms.2025.164884.1112 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Raghad Muthana Jameel* 1; Ishtar Adnan Alethari2 | ||
| 1Al Qadiayah University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Physiology, Pharmacology, and Biochemistry Department | ||
| 2Al Qadisiyah University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Physiology, Pharmacology, and Biochemistry Department | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) is a traditional plant with medicinal properties used in the treatment of various diseases. It possesses potential in the management of diabetes; however, its efficacy relative to standard therapies and the advantages of nano-formulation remain inadequately investigated. This study aims to clarify the relative effects of Withania somnifera extracts (WSE) and nanoparticles (WNAE) compared to metformin on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Focusing on the moderation of metabolic regulatory indices, such as glucose level, insulin sensitivity, and lipid metabolism, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), the research assesses the mechanisms underlying how WS preparations influence metabolic pathways, as well as their effectiveness compared to the existing standard of care. The experimental groups consisted of 32 Wistar male rats, which were divided into the following groups: non-diabetic control (G1), diabetic untreated (G2), diabetic AE-treated (G3), diabetic NAE-treated (G4), and diabetic metformin-treated (G5). Metabolic parameters were monitored over a 30-day period. The findings revealed reduced blood glucose levels and normalized insulin levels in rats treated with both AE and NAE. Markedly improved lipid profiles, with NAE attaining the most significant reductions in LDL and VLDL and the highest increases in HDL, surpassing the effects of metformin. Weight loss was minimal in the metformin and NAE groups compared to the diabetic control group. The Nano-formulation enhances the bioavailability and efficacy of ashwagandha in regulating glucose, insulin, and lipid levels, exhibiting effects comparable to or superior to those of metformin. These results suggest that NAE represents a promising adjunctive therapy for diabetes management, enhancing the bioavailability and efficacy of ashwagandha in regulating glucose, insulin, and lipid levels, with effects comparable to or superior to those of metformin. Thus, NAE represents a promising adjunctive therapy for diabetes management. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Withania somnifera; Ashwagandha nanoparticles; antidiabetic; metabolic regulation; metformin | ||
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