Investigating the Impact of Planting Date and Different Organic Fertilization on Optimizing Growth Trait, Yield, Yield Components of Borage (<em>Borago officinalis </em>L.)

Osman, Dilan Luqman; Mahmmod, Bahar Jalal

doi:10.58928/ku26.17202

	Investigating the Impact of Planting Date and Different Organic Fertilization on Optimizing Growth Trait, Yield, Yield Components of Borage (Borago officinalis L.)
Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)
Volume 17, Issue 2, June 2026, Pages 11-23 PDF (1.33 M)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.58928/ku26.17202
Authors
Dilan Luqman Osman¹; Bahar Jalal mahmmod^* ²
¹Dpartment of Field Crop and Medical Plants, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, IRAQ.
²Department of Field Crop and Medical Plants, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Abstract
A field study was done at two locations, Grdarasha and Grdmala. during the growing season of 2024-2025. The experiment included two factors, the first factor was three sowing dates 1st August(D1), 15th August (D2) and 1th SeptemberD3 in 2024, the second factor was five fertilizer types (Control, Pomace 40000 kg ha-1, Rice bio-char 40000 kg ha-1, Seaweed 2 kg ha-1and Di ammonium phosphate (DAP) 200 kg ha-1. A factorial experiment of (3 x 5) was carried out using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) using three replications. Numerous quantitative parameters were studied. The mentioned factors showed a positive role in Borage growth and yield, it is clear from the results that the highest increment plant height (cm), Leaf area (cm2), Leaf thickness (mm) and dry matter plant-1 (g) were recorded in the 1st September (67.41, 299.50, 1.53 and 131.10) and (63.22, 283.48,1.12and 144.02) for both locations respectively. While the highest seed yield values for both locations (196.45 and 120.52) kg ha-1 was acquired in 1st August and 15th August the highest value for some of the studied characters at Grdarasha was recorded for pomace treatment in Grdarasha which were leaf thickness 1.28 mm, number of seed flower-1 3.36, seed index17.29 g while at Grdmala location the same treatment recorded the highest value for leaf thickness 1.20 mm and seed index 17.70 g. At the Grdarasha location, Seaweed treatment obtained the highest value for plant height 63.36 cm, chlorophyll 64.70 SPAD, number of flowers 664.84 plant-1, dry matter 133.91g, and seed yield 213.28 kg ha-1. While in Grdmala caused the highest value for chlorophyll content 56.49 SPAD, number of seed flower-1 3.66, and seed yield 126.22 kg ha-1. The interaction treatments D1F4 and D1F4 obtained the highest seed yield values (309.50and 172.33) kg ha-1 for both locations, respectively.
Keywords
Key words: Borage Yield; Planting date; Seaweed; Pomace; Rice husk bio char; Dap

References
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Investigating the Impact of Planting Date and Different Organic Fertilization on Optimizing Growth Trait, Yield, Yield Components of Borage (Borago officinalis L.)