The Syntactic Classification of Pronouns: Between Complexity and Simplification / A Comparative Study of Pronouns in Arabic and English

Challab, Hussein Kadhum; Wahab, Alaa Shafeeq

doi:10.32894/1992-1179.2026.170135.1374

	The Syntactic Classification of Pronouns: Between Complexity and Simplification / A Comparative Study of Pronouns in Arabic and English
Kirkuk University Journal: Humanity Studies
Volume 21, Issue 2, June 2026, Pages 367-392 PDF (1.27 M)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.32894/1992-1179.2026.170135.1374
Authors
hussein Kadhum Challab^* ; Alaa Shafeeq Wahab
College of Arts Translation Dept
Abstract
Our research, entitled "The Syntactic Classification of Pronouns: Between Complexity and Simplification / A Comparative Study of Pronouns in Arabic and English," examines the criteria adopted in the syntactic and semantic classification of pronouns in their established order (first/second/third person). It highlights the importance of gender and number in distinguishing between pronoun ranks. The research concludes that pronouns in Arabic arose from the evolution of demonstratives, which then transformed into pronouns through usage. Furthermore, the dynamic, dialectal, and genetic aspects of the Proto-Semitic language played a decisive role in the development of pronouns in Arabic. The evolution of internal structure and semantic function also contributed to the classification of pronoun categories. A crucial point reached by our study is that determining the type of pronoun is not governed solely by a grammatical system, but also by the social relationships between speakers, their social backgrounds, and the degree of closeness between individuals, all of which play a role in the choice of pronoun category in discourse.
Keywords
Pronouns Classification; Arabic and English Pronouns; Proto-Semitic Language; Syntactic and Semantic Analysis; Social Context of Pronoun Use

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