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Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Isolates from Hospital Waste with Emphasis on β-Lactamase Production | ||
| Al-Zahraa Journal for Health and Medical Sciences | ||
| Volume 4, Issue 2, June 2026, Pages 72-83 PDF (772.06 K) | ||
| Document Type: Research Article | ||
| DOI: 10.66723/zjhms.2026.169883.1109 | ||
| Author | ||
| Niran Adnan Al-Joboury* | ||
| Kerbala university- college of Sciences | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The rapid emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance complicate the treatment of bacterial infections worldwide. The objective of this study was to isolate bacteria from environmental sources, determine their drug-resistance profiles and evaluate enzyme-mediated resistance mechanisms. Environmental samples were collected from hospital waste disposal sites and bacterial isolates were obtained by standard microbiological procedures. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique was used to test resistance to antibiotics Resistance associated enzymes were studied and isolated with special emphasis on production and partial purification of beta-lactamase. Five bacterial isolates were recovered from hospital waste soil, these are Staphylococcus aureus (ISO I), Escherichia coli (ISO II), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ISO III & IV) and Klebsiella species (ISO V). The isolates were highly resistant to β-lactams and aminoglycosides particularly cefoxitin, methicillin, vancomycin and gentamicin. Detection of the highly resistant ‘superbug’ ISO I (S. aureus) while other isolates were relatively sensitive to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. By SDS-PAGE the molecular weight of the partially purified β-lactamase from S. aureus was 40–42 kDa. The findings stress the emerging threat of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to minimize the spread of resistant infections and the need for regular resistance surveillance, enzyme-level testing, and prudent use of antibiotics. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria (MDR); Hospital Waste Soil; Kirby–Bauer Disc Diffusion Method; β-lactamase Enzyme | ||
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