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Characteristics of Ocular Biometric Parameters in an Iraqi Patients Sample Attending Ibn Al-Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital | ||
| Basrah Journal of Surgery | ||
| Article 8, Volume 32, Issue 1, 2026 | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.33762/basjsurg.2026.169068.1160 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Zahraa Hameed Mekki1; Amaleed Abdulhalil Abdulmajid2; Salah Zuhair Alasadi* 3 | ||
| 1Al-Rusafa Health Directorate , Baghdad | ||
| 2Basrah Health Directorate,, Alsadr Teaching Hospital | ||
| 3University of Basrah College of Medicine | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background Establishing age- and sex-specific reference values for ocular biometric parameters is important for clinical decision-making, including cataract surgery planning. These parameters vary across populations and may change with age and sex. Aim Characterize ocular biometric parameters in an Iraqi adult sample evaluating associations with age and sex. Patients & Methods Analytic cross-sectional study was conducted at Ibn Al-Haitham Teaching Eye Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq (January–September 2024). Iraqi adults aged 20 years and older without prior ocular surgery, ocular trauma, or ocular pathology affecting biometry were included. Measurements were obtained using the IOLMaster 500 (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Germany) and included axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), keratometry (K1, K2), corneal astigmatism magnitude and axis, and predicted intraocular lens (IOL) power (SRK/T). Astigmatism was classified as significant (>1.0 D) or non-significant (≤1.0 D), and by axis as with-the-rule (WTR), against-the-rule (ATR), or oblique. Results Total of 1,200 participants were included (mean age 58.6 ± 13.5 years; 56.1% male). Mean AL was 23.4 ± 0.8 mm (reference interval 21.8–25.0 mm) and was longer in males (p<0.001) but did not differ significantly across age groups (p=0.12). Mean ACD was 3.2 ± 0.3 mm (2.6–3.9 mm) and decreased with age (p<0.001); ACD was deeper in males (p=0.014). Mean keratometry was 43.9 ± 1.6 D and increased with age (p<0.001), with steeper corneas in females (p<0.001). Mean corneal astigmatism magnitude was 1.0 ± 0.6 D; 43.3% had significant astigmatism (>1.0 D). ATR astigmatism was most common (55.2%) and increased with age (p<0.001). Mean predicted IOL power was 20.6 ± 1.9 D and decreased with age (p<0.001). Conclusions Iraqi hospital-based sample, ocular biometric values were broadly comparable to those reported from other regions. Age- and sex-related differences were observed for AL, ACD, keratometry, and astigmatism axis, which may be relevant for preoperative planning and refractive outcomes. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| ocular biometry; Iraqi individuals; IOLMaster; axial length; keratometry | ||
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