Nuclear Security in International Law

Razzaq, Sajjad Abdul Raouf; Khalaf, Hussam Abdul Amir

doi:10.37651/aujlps.2025.167732.1702

	Nuclear Security in International Law
Journal of Anbar University for Law and Political Sciences
Article 6, Volume 16, Issue: 3, September 2026, Pages 112-140 PDF (918.75 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.37651/aujlps.2025.167732.1702
Authors
Sajjad Abdul Raouf Razzaq^* ; Hussam Abdul Amir Khalaf
University of Baghdad/College of Law
Abstract
This study seeks to clarify the distinct legal identity of nuclear security within the international legal framework, emphasizing that it constitutes an independent legal concept, not merely a derivative of nuclear safety or the IAEA safeguards system. While these frameworks converge in their ultimate goal—protecting humankind, the environment, and international peace from the risks associated with nuclear activities—nuclear security maintains a separate normative and institutional foundation. The research draws upon definitions and principles articulated in the instruments of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), United Nations documents, and references in international judicial practice, to demonstrate that nuclear security has evolved as an emerging branch of international law. It further concludes that, despite its conceptual autonomy, nuclear security remains functionally interconnected with related notions, forming an integrated system aimed at ensuring the lawful, safe, and peaceful use of nuclear energy. The research structure is consistent in two requirements, as follows: the first requirement is nuclear security as an independent concept in the international system, and the second requirement is distinguishing the concepts related to the concept of nuclear security.
Keywords
Nuclear security; international law; international system

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