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Mahmood, Bahar Jalal; Mustafa, Avin Rashid; Jamal, Sazan Dana; Mawlood, Twana Yousif

doi:10.58928/ku26.17316

	Effect of Floret Removal on Seed Yield and Quality of Some Safflower Genotypes
Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)
Volume 17, Issue 3, September 2026, Pages 155-168 PDF (819.66 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.58928/ku26.17316
Authors
Bahar Jalal Mahmood¹; Avin Rashid Mustafa¹; Sazan Dana Jamal²; Twana Yousif Mawlood^* ³
¹Department of Field Crop and Medical plants, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil, IRAQ
²Department of Food Science and Quality Control, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, IRAQ
³Salahuddin University - Erbil Collège of Agriculture Engineering Science / Department of Field Crops and Medicinal Plant
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at the Grdarasha site (Latitude 36. 10116 N and Longitude 44.00925) during the 2023–2024 growing season to investigate the effects of genotype and floret removal timing on safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) performance. The study involved two experimental factors: the first comprised nine safflower genotypes (Rabeey 500, G218, Chwarqurna, Shamela, Local Mosul, G-2018, Al-Mais, Nap, and Gilla), while the second included three floret removal treatments, namely removal at three days after the initiation of flowering, removal at nine days after flowering initiation, and a control treatment without floret removal. The experiment was arranged in a 9 × 3 factorial scheme using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. A wide range of quantitative and qualitative traits was evaluated to assess the response of the tested genotypes to the imposed treatments. The mentioned factors showed a positive role in safflower growth, yield and medical properties, it is clear from the results that the highest increment plant height (145.76 and 138.03) cm recorded for V4, Number of capitula per plant-1 19.04 and 18.85 obtained in V8 and V4, Number of seed capitula-1 29.77 resulted in V4, additionally Seed index(10.70,10.35,10.23 and 10.13) g recorded for V8, V4, V5 and V9) respectively finally Seed yield were recorded for (V8, V4, V5 andV9) with values (1.60,1.55,1.53,1.52) t ha-1 respectively. The highest values for most of the harvesting time were acquired in the first harvest time, number of capitula per plant-1, seed index, and seed yield with values 17.70,11.07 g,1.66 t ha-1, respectively.
Keywords
Carthamus tinctorius L; Flower removal; Plant growth; Crop yield; Oil quality

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Effect of Floret Removal on Seed Yield and Quality of Some Safflower Genotypes