Management of drip irrigation for cotton crop by using water sewage

A.ALDhufairi, Abdullah

	Management of drip irrigation for cotton crop by using water sewage
Journal of Tikrit University For Agriculture Sciences
Article 1, Volume 11, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 66-82
Author
Abdullah A.ALDhufairi
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out in the College of Agriculture research station-Tikrit University during 2009, to study the indicators of bio-filtration use effectiveness for sewage water treatment, efficient use of irrigation, their effect on productivity with the use of different irrigation types, and determine the water requirement for cotton crop. The experiment performed by using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Cotton seeds were planted in lines. Five treatments were used; well water F0, normal irrigation water F1, untreated sewage water F2, first depth treated sewage water F3 and second depth treated sewage water F4. Irrigation process was performed by using drip irrigation. Coefficient of variation and average discharge for emitters was calculated in addition to diameter of wetted area, depth of wetted area, and irrigation uniformity at the begging and end of experiment. Crop growth was recorded and soil analysis was conducted before the planting, after three months, and in the end of experiment. The bacteriological tests of irrigation water carried out every month during the period of crop growth as well as the bacteriological tests of soil, vegetation, and root of plants during the growing season. The results showed a significant increase in BOD and COD in untreated sewage (F2) (400-427, and 598-612 mg/l. respectively). BOD values in well water (F0) and normal irrigation water (F1) was 10-12, and 7-8 mg/l. respectively, while the value of COD in these two kinds of water was 18-19, and 14-15 mg/l. respectively. BOD and COD decreased in F3 and F4 treatments, the minimum BOD and COD were in F4 treatment (34-102 and 76-122 mg/l. respectively). The cotton yield increased to 3.236 t/h in untreated sewage (F2) and to 3.546 and 2.99 t/h in treated sewage (F3 and F4 respectively), compared to 2.416 and 2.773 t/h in well water (F0) and normal irrigation water (F1) respectively. The use of untreated sewage (F2) leads to bacterial soil contamination higher than treated sewage water (F3 and F4) during the crop growth as a result of continuous additions of this water. The root system bacterial contamination in F2 treatment plants was significantly higher than F3 and F4 treatments plants. The use of different irrigation water types was affect the discharge of emitters, diameter of wetted area, and irrigation uniformity at the begging and end of experiment. Flow rate of emitters decreased with the continued operation of irrigation. Emitters discharge rate decline in treatment irrigated with sewage water (F2) more than in treatments irrigated with untreated sewage water (F3 and F4), that due to occlusion of emitters by bacteria and organic matter. The diameter of wetted area decreased and the depth of wetted front increased with the continuation of irrigation because discharge rate decreasing with time. Irrigation uniformity values decreased significantly at the end compared with the beginning of the experiment for all treatments except F1, largely decreased occurred in F2 treatment while F3 and F4 treatments were less affected.

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