Epidemiology of hydatid cyst with experimental trial of the anti-parasitic activity of ivermectin in compare to other common antiparasitic drug

Arziak, Znab; Ahmad Salman, Abid; Saher  Al-Obaidi, Hussein

	Epidemiology of hydatid cyst with experimental trial of the anti-parasitic activity of ivermectin in compare to other common antiparasitic drug
Medical Journal of Tikrit
Article 1, Volume 1, Issue 141, 2012, Pages 1-11
Authors
Znab Arziak; Abid Ahmad Salman; Hussein Saher Al-Obaidi
Abstract
Unilocular hydatidosis is a disease caused by infection with the metacestode (larval) stage of the dog tape worm, Echinococcus granulosus. This is recognized as one of the world relevant zoonosis, affecting both humans and their domestic animals. Hydatid disease is still endemic in certain parts of the world. This study was held to assess some epidemiological features and to assess the effect of ivermectin on hydatid cyst in compare with other classical antiparasitic drugs.The epidemiological information was obtained by direct interview with the patient or his relative according to prepared questionnaire. In vitro Preparation of protoscolices in the hydatid cyst samples were obtained from sheep's slaughtered in Tikrit abattoirs, the peptone water media was used for in vitro study. Three types of drugs were used in this study, albendazole, mebendazole and ivermectin. Each drug prepared for in vitro study by adding a solution of 2% diethyl sulphoxide (DMSO). The concentrations of albendazole and mebendazole used were100µg/ml, 200µg /ml, 400µg /ml and 800 µg /ml and the ivermectin concentrations used were 0.1µg /ml,1µg /ml , 5µg /ml and 10 µg /ml. The antiparasitic activity of each drug was assessed by counting of viable protoscolex percentage and comparing it with the control set daily. In Vivo Study, Sixty albino mice were divided into six study groups (10 mice per each group), group one was injected with distilled water and kept as a control group and group 2-5 were injected intraperitoneally with 1ml of the protoscolex suspension (2000 live protoscolex) and group six were injected with long acting ivermectin (0.02 mg (0.002 ml) subcutaneously then after on day injected with protoscolex of the same dose above. Three months after injection of the mice with protoscolices solution, these six groups. Most of the study cases were females (54.3%), most frequent age range affected among females patients was the age range between 41-50 years, 62.9%)of patients were from the rural areas, (71.6%) of patients have animals (especially the dogs ) ,(75.4%) of the hydatid cysts were located at the right lobe of the liver, and (67.9%) of cases have solitary cyst. In vitro: Regarding the viability percentages of protoscolices incubated for several days and treated with different concentrations of albendazole, there was a decline in the viability percentages was seen with increasing concentration of the drug till no active protoscolices on 5th day post incubation for 400 and 800 µg/dl concentrations while it was 31.5% in control sets .Regarding mebendazole, there was a decline in the viability percentages with increasing concentration of the drug till no active protoscolices on 5th day post incubation for the 800 µg/dl concentration while it was 22% in control sets. Regarding Ivermectin, there was a decline in the viability percentages post incubation were seen with increasing concentrations of the drug till zero results recognized at the 4th day post incubation with 10 µg/dl concentration , while it was 42% in control sets . Further more, zero result was seen at the 5th day post incubation for 5 µg/dl concentration (14% in control sets) .In vivo: The mean liver weight as percentage of total body weight in mice in the control uninfected group was 5.8±0.56 while the mean splenic weight in the same group was 0.49±0.05. There is highly significant increase in both mean liver and splenic weight in the control infected group (7.21±0.96 and 0.75±0.22 respectively). As a conclusion, Ivermectin has an ability to cure better than other drugs
Keywords
Epidemiology of hydatid cyst with experimental trial of the anti; parasitic activity of ivermectin in compare to other common antiparasitic drug

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