Onychomycosis in females; a clinico-mycological study.

M. AL-Juboor, Osama; A. AL-Tikrity, Thekra

	Onychomycosis in females; a clinico-mycological study.
Medical Journal of Tikrit
Article 1, Volume 1, Issue 171, 2012, Pages 43-47
Authors
Osama M. AL-Juboor; Thekra A. AL-Tikrity
Abstract
Background. Onychomycosis (OM) constitutes an important public health problem because of its high prevalence ;it is an infection of keratinized tissues of nails ,caused by dermatophytes, yeast, & molds. Four clinical types of OM are recognized according to the site & pattern of fungal invasion of the nail .Patients and Methods. From October 2009 to May 2010 , one hundred & eight (108) patient enrolled in this study . They were randomly selected from out patient clinic of dermatology & venerology in Tikrit Teaching Hospital. The study including only female (mostly housewives &girls )patients ,their age ranged from 11-70 years (Median , 34.50 years) ( Mean, 35.66 years) (SD± 13.13). The diagnosis of OM was based on clinical & laboratory studies ( direct smear with potassium hydroxide & culture ). Results. From the 108 patients having OM , the following clinical types are recognized ,52 cases (48.1%) with distal Subungual Onychomycosis (DSO), 20 cases (18.5%) with proximal Subungual Onychomycosis (PSO), 10(9.25%) cases with white superficial Onychomycosis (WSO) & 26 cases (24% ) with Candidal Onychomycosis (CO).Direct KOH mounts were positive in 75 cases (69.4%) while the culture was positive in 89 cases (82.4%) ; 65 (73%) cases of them were dermatophytes , 6(6.7%) cases were molds & 18 (20.2%) cases were yeasts (Candida albicans). From the 65 cases that were dermatophyte positive cultures , Tricophyton rubrum was in 23 cases (35.4%) ,Tricophyton mentagrophytes was in 19 cases (29.2%) , Tricophyton verrucosum was in 2 cases (3.1%) , Tricophyton violaceum was in 2 cases (3.1%),Microsporum canis was in 9 cases (13.8%), Microsporum gypsium in 5 cases (7.7%), Microsporum ferruginum in 5 cases (7.7%).From the 6 cases of non dermatophyte molds, 2 cases (33.3%)were Alternaria , 2 cases (33.3%) Fusarium , one case (16.7%) Aspergillus & one case (16.7%) Cladosporium. Age group 31-50 years showed the highest incidence of onychomycosis .Risk factors of the disease were diabetes mellitus, nature of residence (rural) but the age was not a risk factor
Keywords
Onychomycosis in females; a clinico; mycological study

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