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The Optimum Operating Parameters for the Production of Biodiesel Using Reactive Distillation Technology | ||
| Misan Journal of Acodemic Studies | ||
| Article 1, Volume 7, Issue 14, 2009, Pages 1-14 | ||
| Author | ||
| Khalid Ajmi Sukka | ||
| Abstract | ||
| AbstractIn this study, the production of biodiesel by using a laboratory-scale reactive distillation system is investigated. Two parent types of zeolite catalysts (NaX and Na5A) were used for the tranesterification of methanol and oil to produce methyl ester. Each type of zeolite was modified by exchanging Na+ for Mg+ and Ca+ to form MgX, CaX, Mg5A, and Ca5A catalysts. The packed reactive distillation column was made of Perspex glass with inner diameter of 2.5 cm and 60cm high divided into three zones: stripping zone = 15 cm, reaction zone= 15 cm, and rectification zone = 30 cm. The rectifying and stripping zones of the column were packed with rushing ring glass packing of 6 mm height, and 4, 6 mm inner and outer diameter respectively, while the reactive zone was packed with catalyst. The effect of catalyst type on overall conversion was determined in reactive distillation column. Therefore, for all experiments, the performance of the catalysts was investigated by running the column at constant reaction temperature of 65 oC, atmospheric pressure, and total reflux ratio. The results show that, the reactive distillation technique can be used to produce biodiesel successfully with heterogeneous solid catalysts. From the six types of catalysts that were used in present work, it was concluded that the modified CaX catalyst is a suitable alternative to perform the transesterification reaction with good results and has better final conversion of about 92 % than other types. It was concluded that the methanol/oil molar ratio of 4 gives the best results of biodiesel production (94 wt%). On the other hand, the physical properties and specifications of the prepared biodiesel meet the standards for diesel fuel and biodiesel. Keywords: Biodiesel; reactive distillation; optimum preparation conditions. | ||
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