The Political Development in Moritania 1967-1934

Mohammad Ay, Azhar; Lan,

	The Political Development in Moritania 1967-1934
JOURNAL OF THE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION FOR WOMEN
Article 1, Volume 20, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 606-620
Authors
Azhar Mohammad Ay;
Abstract
The study of Political developments in Mauritania from 1934 until 1967 has some indications which indicate the political features of that phase , and the following are some of these indication: 1. The desert that has been occupied by Mauritania has never known a united political regime in the early phase of the French colonization , which is a negative feature , but in turn it was a positive feature to France who found it a good element that serves it interests to devote its control over the tribal people through a series of treaties and conventions they imposed on the Mauritanians at that time. 2. 1934 was the beginning for the French colonization to all over Mauritania, after thirty years of many attempts to control the region, and these attempts were mostly failed because of the existence of the national resistance which stood against them. 3. After the Second World War, the Constitution of the fourth French Republic announced in October 1946 marked the birth of the French Union, in which Mauritania has become a province related to other overseas French provinces and by this announcement Mauritania was given some privileges (legislative and executive) which was previously denied. 4. In that period, some of political parties emerged in the country. These parties were characterized by the fragility of their organizational structure and humility of its political disposal. This is because of its tribal tendency which viewed partiality as a kind of egression of tribalism and a cause of dissension and strife, and all these facts serve and the colonizer. 5. In 1957 Mauritanian to find its clear way towards independence and the formation of an independent Mauritania entry , and that related to the efforts of ALMUKTAR WILD DADDAH - the first Mauritanian president – who united all political parties in 1958, in the local ALAK conference, under one party which is the Mauritanian party , after finding that political Pluralism does not serve the country under such circumstances as the country remained dependent on the French aid which created a gap between Mauritania and other Arab countries for a period of time. 6. In 1960 Mauritania achieved its independence to start a battle to gain the recognition by Arab countries and internationally , especially Morocco has claimed it to be a province related to it, and in Peoples party was formed to be the ruling party till 1978. 7. In 1963 Mauritania won Arab countries recognition to it in the founding conference of the organization of African Unity summit in Addis Ababa as Mauritania participated in it, and in 1964 it won recognition by the Arabian Republic of Egypt. 8. This Arabian recognition to Mauritania as an independent country has been strengthened after the Six-Day War in June 1967 , because of its positive support to the struggle of the Arab Nation against the Zionist entity , and thus it achieved the formal recognition through the recognition of the League of Arab States to begin a new phase with Arab relation. 9. Lastly , it must be said that Mauritanian independence was not easy to achieve, as it is for any country which excluded the colonizer to gain its international sovereignty , It need great efforts to gain international recognition and the ability to overcome internal crises, and a series of economic reform, and the coalition with Arab neighbors. All these events happened in a country called “Mauritania”.

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