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Mathematical Modeling of Artificial Kidney Function By Using Blood Samples In Patients With Renal Diseases | ||
| Engineering and Technology Journal | ||
| Article 1, Volume 28, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 980-991 PDF (176.14 K) | ||
| DOI: 10.30684/etj.28.5.10 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Zainab Ismail; Sumia Hamad | ||
| Abstract | ||
| In Hemdialysis ,blood is pumped from the body to special filter (dialyzer ) made of tiny plastic capillaries . the blood is purified when the waste products diffuse from the blood across the membrane of these tiny capillaries to the dialysate purified “clean”blood is then returned to the body and spent dialysate is drained. The purpose of this study is demonstrate the effect of increase nominal dialysate flow rate from 500-800 ml/min on the amount of the small solute (urea) removed from the blood and examine its effect on the amount of dialysis deliverd. Hemdialysis (HD) is a technique of removing or clearing solutes from the blood and removal of extra fluid from the body, by using dialyzing machine. The principle of hemodialysis is primarily, the diffusion of solutes and ultrafiltration for removal of extra fluid. Kinetic modeling is a widely used analytic process that describes a system from its mass balance the clinical goals of modeling in dialysis therapy are to improve clinical understanding of the uremic syndrome and quantified doses of dialysis . In this study, we are interested for new model emerges form generalization of signal–pool urea kinetic model (variable volume single pool VVSP) which able to yield an accurate estimate of urea kinetic model such as urea nitrogen generation rate, urea removal during dialysis and dialyzer urea clearance for quantifying and prescribing dialysis. The mathematical development of the variable volume single pool ( VVSP) model for application is based primarily on the three blood samples. This development provides a method to combine all of the treatment parameters (Vt,PCR,G),urea is unique among the possible markers in providing information regarding a patients nitrogen balance . Urea concentration is directly related to the protein catabolic rate blood urea concentrations reflected the balance between protein catabolism and clearance. We present the results obtained form a clinical study carried out on a group of 12 end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients for blood flow rate less than 200ml/min and greater than 200ml/min, 6 patients with dialysate flow rate (DFR) 500 ml/min and 6 patients with DFR 800 ml/min to show the different in variable volume single pool (VVSP ) models for both groups (500 & 800 ml/min) this method done typically in patients treated with HD twice-weekly so a standard modeling techniques include a standard blood urea nitrogen (BUN) samples which are drawn before the beginning of HD, after the end of HD, and before the beginning of the next HD and considering that volume changes occurring over the dialysis cycle this is the key idea that underlies the variable volume single-pool (VVSP)model. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| hemodialysis; urea kinetic modeling; Variable Volume single; pool | ||
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