USE OF SOME GROWTH REGULATOR TO IMPROVE YIELD,STORAGE LIFE AND MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF OYSTER MUSHROOM

N. Rostum, Adeeba

	USE OF SOME GROWTH REGULATOR TO IMPROVE YIELD,STORAGE LIFE AND MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF OYSTER MUSHROOM
The Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Science
Article 1, Volume 41, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 48-60
Author
Adeeba N. Rostum
Abstract
Four experiments were conducted in the mushroom production unit in the Dep. of Hort. starting in Sep. 15. 2009 . Oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus ostreatus ( Jaq: Fr ) ) was imported from Jordan. Mushroom spawn was added to a sterilized and moist wheat straw and transferred to incubation room at 25 ± 2°C for one month, then to the growth room. Humidity was raised to 80-90% and light was raised to 400 lux. In the first experiment Gibberellin ( GA3 ) was used in the beging of the pinhead stage in the following concentrations : o ppm or 250 ppm or 500 ppm or 1000 ppm GA3 . In the second experiment Benzyl Adenine ( BA ) was used in the same stage and in the same concentrations. In the third experiment the fruiting bodies were stored in cold incubators at 2 ± 1°C for three weeks to determine the kind and the concentration of the chemicals with the medicinal properties using HPLC. The results showed that fruiting body weight and total yield and the biological efficiency increased with the increase in the concentration of GA3. Using 500 ppm of GA3 increased fruiting body weight to 12.5g and the total yield to 910.8g / kg of substrate and the biological efficiency to 91%. While using 500ppm BA increased fruiting body weight to 11.7g and total yield to 621.6g / kg of substrate and the biological efficiency to 62%. Treatments whit BA reduced protein loss after storage. While GA3 have no significant effects on protein loss after storage. Use of 1000ppm GA3 reduced the percentage of decay from 20.3% to 16.46% while the same concentration of BA reduced the percentage of decay from 20.3% to 11.1% after three weeks of storage at 2 ±1°c. The concentration of all the chemicals with the medicinal properties increased in the fruiting bodies with the increase of GA3 or BA concentration. Treatment with 500ppm GA3 increased gallic acid from 5.55mg /g to 8.62mg / g of dry matter, and increased B-glucan from 12.24mg / g to 14.86mg / g of dry matter. The concentration of Lectin, statin and chitin were increased two times above the untreated ( Control ).There were no significant differences between GA3 and BA in their effects on the concentration of the above chemicals . Treatment with 500ppm of BA reduced the loss in the concentration of B-glucan and Statin after storage.

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