BIOREMEDIATION OF OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL BY AXENIC  AND MIXED CULTURES OF BACTERIA AND FUNGI

A. Farid, Wasen

	BIOREMEDIATION OF OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL BY AXENIC AND MIXED CULTURES OF BACTERIA AND FUNGI
AL-TAQANI
Article 1, Volume 25, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 140-154
Author
Wasen A. Farid
Abstract
In this study, several species and genera of oil degrading bacteria and fungi were isolated from the soil of Al–Rumella region, Basrah, Iraq. These were Staphylococcus sp., Arthrobacter sp., Micrococcus sp., Corynebacterium sp., Streptomyces sp., Bacillus pumilis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polymyxa, Pseudomonas putida, Aremonas sp., Nocardia sp. (bacteria), Candida sp., Rhizopus sp., Psidxybe cubensis, Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus niger, Pencillum sp., Pencillum chrysogenum, Cunninghamella sp. and Ssccharomyces cerevisiae (fungi). A mutant of P. putida with high ability to degrade crude oil was obtained from subjected this bacteria to UV. radiation. Axenic cultures of bacteria and fungi, a mixed cultures of bacteria and fungi and a mixed cultures of mutant bacteria and fungus (P. chrysogenum) were added to the soil of Al-Rumella region, was contaminated with Basrah regular crude oil and supplemented with nutrients. Favorable conditions for microbial growth were available. The ability of microorganisms to degrade crude oil was measured directly by determination the residual oil by spectrofluorometer and indirectly by measuring the amount of CO2 liberated in a controlled system. It was found that a mixed cultures of mutant bacteria and fungus degraded the crude oil more than a mixed cultures of bacteria and fungi. The last cultures can be reduced that the oil pollution better than the axenic cultures of bacteria and fungi. The mixed cultures of mutant bacteria and fungus [P. putida (mutant)+P. chrysogenum] can be used and applied in bioremediation of polluted soils.

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