Effect of Foam Sulfur Application and Sprayof AL-Nahrain Nutrient Solution on Soil Properties and Growth of Two varieties of Garlic

	Effect of Foam Sulfur Application and Sprayof AL-Nahrain Nutrient Solution on Soil Properties and Growth of Two varieties of Garlic
AL-TAQANI
Article 1, Volume 24, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 224-241
Abstract
An experiment was carried out in the field of Horticulture Dept., Agric. College, Abu-Ghraib for two successive seasons 2001-2002 and 2002-2003 to study the effect of foam sulfur application to the soil and foliar spray of Al- Nahrain nutrient solution on soil properties and growth of two species of garlic (Allium sativum L., and Alliuim amploprasum L., G1 and G2 respectively). Four levels of foam sulfur (i.e.,0 , 1000 , 2000 , and 3000 kg .ha-1, S0, S1, S2 and S3 respectively) were applied one week before planting. Two foliar spray treatments (0, and 5ml/l., F0 and F1 respectively) of AL-Nahrain nutrient solution were implemented three times, first at vegetative growth, second at bulbing initiation, and the third during bulb bulking. Split-Split plot design was used with three replications. Results show that foam sulfur application to the soil reduced soil pH but increased the ECe of soil extract especially when added at level 3000 kg.ha-1 eight weeks after the application. The pH dropped to 7.50 and 7.50 as compared to 7.63 and 7.67 before the sulfur application for two seasons respectively. Highest degrees of ECe wereat eight and 16 weeks after 3000 kg S.ha-1 of sulfur application for the two seasons respectively. Sulfur application to the soil increased soil total nitrogen and . available phosphor in soil for two seasons respectively when sulfur was applied at level 3000 kg .ha-1 S3 . Sulfur application at level 3000 kg .ha-1 resulted in high leaves content of N for the two seasons, while the highest leaves content of K was found when 1000 kg .ha-1 of applied sulfur for the second season only. Sulfur application increased nutrient contents of bulbelts and the level 3000kg.ha-1 resulted in highest concentration of N whereas highest phosphorus concentration of thebulbelts (2.83 and 2.54 g.kg-1) was found when 2000 kg.ha-1 of sulfur was applied for the two seasons respectively. Highest K concentration of the bulbelts(17.19 g.kg-1) was found when 1000 kg.ha-1 of sulfur was added in the second season. Leaves and bulbelts contents of N and K was affected significantly by sulfur application in both species where G2S3 treatment had highest N contents in leaves (58.86 and 52.60 g.kg-1) and bulbelts (51.33 and 50.48 g.kg-1) for the two seasons respectively, whereas , G1S1 treatment resulted in highest K content in the leaves (21.04 and 21.35 g.kg-1) for the two seasons respectively. The treatment G2S3 had highest K content in bulbelts(16.52 g.kg-1) in the first season while G2S2 in the second season had the highest K content (17.55 g.kg-1). The intesaction of species with nussient spray is signifinact where G1F1 had the highest N content in the leaves (61.01 g.kg-1) in the first season and G2F1 treatment (55.74 g.kg-1) in the second season. G1F1 treatment on the other hand had the highest bulbelts cintent of N in both seasons (52.66 and 54.56 g.kg-1) respectively. Second order interaction was significant where bulbelts N content was the highest (58.32 and 56.20 g.kg-1) for the two seasons respectively. Phosphorus content of bulbelts was the highest in G2F1 treatment (2.91g.kg-1)for the first season, whereas, in the second season the treatment G1F1 domineted in phosphorus content(2.66 g.kg-1).G2F1 treatment had the highest K content in the bulbelts (18.99 g.kg-1) for the second season only highest bulbelts content of potassium (19.55 g.kg-1) was lored in G2S2F1 for the second season.

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