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TILLERING OF GRAIN SORGHUM AS AFFECTED BY CULTIVAR AND PLANT POPULATION DENSITY | ||
| The Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Science | ||
| Article 1, Volume 42, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 32-42 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Khdhayer A. Jaddoa; Haider A. L. Shihab | ||
| Abstract | ||
| A factorial experiment was conducted at the experimental farm, Dept. of Field Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture/Abu-Ghraib-University of Baghdad during the spring and fall seasons of 2009. The aim was to investigate the effect of plant population density27600, 53300, 107600 and 213300 plant. ha-1 Inqath, Rabeh, and Kaffir on the tillering characteristics and its relationship with grain yield and its components. Cultivars were significantly different in their tillers number during the life cycle in both seasons. Kaffir was superior in this character in each plant population density with the highest tiller number. The first plant density (27600 plant. ha-1) gave the highest average of produced tiller number. plant-1 compared with the fourth density (213300 plant. ha-1) which produced the lowest tiller number. plant-1 in both seasons. The cultivars were not significantly different in their grain yield. plant-1 in both seasons, but Kaffir was superiror in its grain yield only in the fall season.The first density (27600 plant. ha-1) gave the highest grain yield. plant-1 (88.32 and 92.38 g. plant-1) compared with (37.50 and 42.19 g. plant-1) for the fourth density in both seasons, respectively. However, the latter density gave the highest grain yield. ha-1 (8.00 and 9.00 t. ha-1) compared with (2.44 and 2.53 t. ha-1) for the former density. This was due to the highest number of plant. ha-1 in the highest fourth density. The contribution percentage of the main stems and tillers in the grain yield and biological yield plant-1 were different as cultivars and plant population densities differ.The contribution percentage of the main stems in Inqath Cultivar (96.84 and 98.93%) and the lowest contribution of the tillers for the same Cultivar (3.16 and 1.07%)in both seasons, respectively. By contrast The contribution of main stem of Kaffir was the lowest but the contribution of tillers was increased in both seasons, respectively. The performance of cultivars and plant densities in the trend and amount of the main stems and tillers contribution in the biological yield. plant-1 was similar as in the grain yield. It is concluded that the tillering of all cultivars in this study was limited with very low percentage of contribution in the grain and biological yields. Therefore, it is recommended to find either monoculm cultivars of sorghum as in maize through breeding programmes or growing sorghum in clumps to restrict tiller formation. | ||
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