RESPONSE OF SAFFLOWER TO PLANTING S METHOD AND DEPTH AND SOIL TYPE

KM.Wuhaib,

	RESPONSE OF SAFFLOWER TO PLANTING S METHOD AND DEPTH AND SOIL TYPE
The Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Science
Article 1, Volume 38, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 77-85
Author

Abstract
Seeds of saffiower (Carthamus tinctorius Icv. Almais) were planted on The field of Crop Sci. of exp. on 13/11/2002. This was to compare two methods of planting, furrow and rows (25x75 cm) to determine the best method to plant saffiower in Iraq. Root depth, plant hight, height of first branch, no. of heads / plant, no. empty heads / plant, weight of 100 seeds, no. of seeds per plant and yield of plant, were estimated and analyzed by t-test. Also seeds of Almais cv. were planted into two kinds of soil: field and loam soil, with five depths of planting. The objective was to determine the best depth and soil to cultivate saffiower. Pots were used for planting which carried out on 3/1/2004. A split plot design with three replications was used. Field and loam soils were assigned in the main plots, while planting depths (3, 6, 9,12, and 15 cm) in the subplots. Data were analyzed and compared statistically. Speed, ratio, and capacity of emergence were estimated. Roots and shoot length, their dry weight, total dry weight of plant and leaves no. were measured. Data indicated that furrow method was superior in root depth (23% ), decreased first branch (48% ), increase no. of heads / plant by 73% , and gave 1038 seeds more than row method. No. of seeds were increased by 77% . Therefore, the yield of furrow was increased by 78% than rows. Data showed in second exp. The superiorly of loam soil which first leaf emerged at seven days, increased root weight( 75g ), snoot dry weight ( 0.14g ), no. of leaves ( 9.7 leaves X and plant dry weight ( 22g ), a compared with 11.6 days, 0.39 g, 0.13 g, 8 leaves, and 16.5 g, for field soil respectively. Planting at 3 cm deep gave more emergence speed (36% ) seeds, increased shoot length (10 cm), and total dry weight (25 g). Planting of 6 cm deep increased length and dry weight of roots only. Thus, loam soil, and planting in furrows at 3 cm deep were best for planting saffiower.

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