The Effect of Aquatic and Alcoholic Extracts of Seeds and Leaves of Some Plants on the seed Born Fungi of Elm

N. Mulla Abid, Fatin

	The Effect of Aquatic and Alcoholic Extracts of Seeds and Leaves of Some Plants on the seed Born Fungi of Elm
Tikrit Journal of Pure Science
Article 1, Volume 15, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 221-227
Author
Fatin N. Mulla Abid
Abstract
The study of elm tree seeds' safety revealed the existence of seven bron fungi species : Alternaria , Aspergillus , Cladosporium , Fusarium, Rhizoctonia , Stemphylim and Candida , with Alternaria species having the highest frequency. The effect of aquatic and alcoholic extraction of eucalyptus plants Eukalyptus camaldulensis and peppermint Mentha piperita was studied , the inhibitory effect rate of the aquatic was between 20-38 % for coriander plants , 16.6-25.0 % for peppermint and 37.5-50 % for eucalyptus , in association with Fusarium solani , Aspergillus niger and Alternaria alternata fungi. The alcoholic extracts of coriander, peppermint and eucalyptus plant had a stronger inhibitory effect than of the aquatic extracts. The inhibitory effect rate of alcoholic extracts was 91.6 % for coriander plants associated with A. alternata and F. solani fungi, 81.2 % for peppermint associated with A. niger fungus and 91.6 % for F. solani fungus, while the inhibitory effect rate of eucalyptus leaves' alcoholic extracts was 77.5 % with A. niger fungus and 91.6 % for A. alternata fungus. The alcoholic extracts of eucalyptus leaves inhibitory the growth of A. alternata fungus by 91.6 %, followed by F. solani with a rate of 83.3 % and A. niger with a rate of 77.5 % the inhibitory effect of the alcoholic extracts varied according to the variance of the fungi. The inhibitory effects of coriander plant and peppermint had a distinct influence on F. solani with a rate of 91.6% and 86.6%,respectively, respectively,while the alcoholic extract of eucalyptus had a stronger inhibitory effect on A. alternata fungus 91.6% , followed by F. solani 83.3 % and A. niger 77.5 %. The testing of some active materials in plants using chemical detection methods showed that coriander plant seeds (Coriandrum sativum ) contained alkaloids, flavones, resins and phenols, but no glycosids ,tannins and saponins .As for the leaves of peppermint(Mentha piperita) and leaves of eukalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis),the results showed that they contained all the active compouned detected earlier.

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