Isolation and identification of eugenol from Syzygium aromaticum L. flower bud oil: An antimicrobial study

A. Al-Bayati, Firas

	Isolation and identification of eugenol from Syzygium aromaticum L. flower bud oil: An antimicrobial study
Tikrit Journal of Pure Science
Article 1, Volume 16, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 16-20
Author
Firas A. Al-Bayati
Abstract
The present study was conducted to isolate the most important bioactive compound from Syzygium aromaticum L. (Myrtaceae) flower buds. The plant essential oil was extracted via steam distillation. Eugenol was separated using a separating funnel and detected on TLC plates in comparison with standard eugenol that served as positive control. Moreover, FTIR spectrometry and HPLC analysis were used to confirm the purity and identity of eugenol. The isolated material was investigated for its antimicrobial activity against six selected pathogenic microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and the yeast Candida albicans. Eugenol at different concentrations (1:1, 1:5, 1:10 and 1:20 v/v) was active against all tested microorganisms and the highest inhibitory effect was observed against B. cereus (zone of inhibition: 26.7 mm) using the disc diffusion method. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of eugenol was determined using a broth microdilution method in 96-well microtiter plates. MIC values ranged from 7.8 to 62.5 μg/ml. The highest MIC value (7.8 μg/ml) was observed against B. cereus, while S. aureus and P. vulgaris ranked next (MIC 15.6 and 31.2 μg/ml respectively) followed by P. aeruginosa and S. typhimurium (MIC 62.5 μg/ml). Moreover, eugenol observed good antifungal activity against the yeast C. albicans (zone of inhibition range: 8.5–18.3mm; MIC: 62.5 μg/ml).

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