Pre- and post partum mastitis in ewes caused by gram negative bacteria

S. Ibraheem, W.; A. Al-Ani, I.; H. Dhahir, S.

	Pre- and post partum mastitis in ewes caused by gram negative bacteria
Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Article 1, Volume 4, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 26-33 PDF (134.86 K)
Authors
W. S. Ibraheem; I. A. Al-Ani; S. H. Dhahir
Abstract
The study conducted to compute the morbidity rate of clinical and subclinical ovine bacterial mastitis in pre- and postpartum periods; isolation and identification of these bacteria, estimation of specificity and sensitivity of California Mastitis Test and White Side Test for diagnosis of subclinical mastitis in 400 samples of mammary secretions collected from104 adult ewes; 200 milk samples obtained 2- 3 weeks before parturition and other 200 milk samples collected from the same ewes during the first week after parturition; in Al-Anbar province, in addition to study of efficiency of dry period therapy with slow releasing intramammary tubes contain benzathine penicillin and streptomycin sulfate for control of postpartum mastitis. The sensitivity and specificity of California Mastitis Test in pre- partum period reached to 69.70% and 49.44% respectively, whereas reached to 54.84% and 38.82% in postpartum period respectively, while, the sensitivity and specificity of White Side Test were 63.64% and 42.70 % in pre- partum period, and 40% and 52.25% in postpartum period respectively. In pre-partum period, The clinical mastitis due to gram negative bacteria appeared in 13 (6.5%) infected halves, where pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Escherichia coli, proteus vulgaris, and Serratia marcescens isolated from 4 (30.77%), 3(23.8%), 2(15.38%), 2(15.38%), 1 (7.69%) and 1 (7.69%) halves respectively. The subclinical mastitis due to gram negative bacteria appeared 13 (6.5%) infected halves where Mannheimia haemolytica, Proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa,Pasteurella multocida, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, and Histophillus ovis isolated from 3 (23.8%), 3 (23.8%), 2(15.38%), 2 (15.38%), 1 (7.69%), 1 (7.69%) and 1(7.69%) halves respectively. From these 26 halves infected with gram negative bacteria, 8 halves were treated with intramammary tubes 2-3 weeks before parturition, thus in postpartum period 7 (87.5%) halves cured from mastitis after parturition while, one (12.5%) half remain infected. In non- treated group 10 (55.56%) out of 18 halves cured from mastitis in post partum period without treatment while, 8 (44.44%) halves remain infected, in addition to 13 newly infected halves in non- treated group. In post partum period, the clinical cases due to gram negative bacteria appeared in 10 halves where Mannheimia haemolytica, pseudomonas aeruginosa, pasteurella multocida and E.coli isolated from 5 (50%), 3 (30 %),1 (10%) and 1 (10%) halves respectively. Subclinical mastitis due to gram negative bacteria appeared in 22 (11%) halves, where Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Yersinia enterocolytica and Histophillus ovis isolated from 5 (22.72%), 5 (22.72%), 4 (18.18%), 3 (13.64%), 2 (9.09 %), 1 (4.55%), 1 (4.55%) and 1 (4.55%) halves respectively. It is concluded that the gram negative bacteria are important causative agents of mastitis even in dry period, and they have specific importance in postpartum period in ewes and the pre- partum therapy is an efficient practice for control of postpartum mastitis in ewes.

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