The role of islands in the river change coefficient of bifurcation of the course of the Tigris River between the mouth of the lower Zab and ascend Samarra

Khalil, Muhamad; Abdullah, Madallah

	The role of islands in the river change coefficient of bifurcation of the course of the Tigris River between the mouth of the lower Zab and ascend Samarra
Journal of Research Diyala humanity
Article 1, Volume 0, Issue 38, 2017, Pages 670-713
Authors
muhamad khalil; madallah abdullah
Abstract
Is the river islands Oham manifestations easy spate ((fiood plain is the most important aspects Tsaba rivers added to the stands and turns the river as it turns the river from the stage of maturity to old age for several reasons including the lack of gradient and low water levels, contributing factors Adhfa emergence of these islands, whether natural factors, represented decline sudden course of the river at the feet of altitude and of the heights Hamrin and hool or factor climate through rain and heat and the worker Djilogi a deep impact in determining the type of the islands and the speed of their formation because of its study area structure Jalogih contributed to a large extent in the formation of islands Naturally structure of sedimentary soft erosion and sedimentation as well as the human factor is important goal Bnchae filled Samarra, all of which contributed to the emergence of Aldzralnehrah within the study area and study and analyze the factors that assist in the emergence of the islands show that the worker naturally the most prominent role in its inception through know the effect of the lack of slope on the activity of the process of sedimentation and provide load river, and also a working rain and floods and the impact of floods bring sediment river and throw in the river as well as the role of sediment Fallen from the heights by the erosion Awalsagot Aharbelmejry a result of lack of cohesion and lack of Mqautea conditions of erosion, because I did after 1958, emerged as important human factor in the control of water resources largely through the construction of dams and reservoirs, it was noted the emergence of factor the human factor is clearly in the study area through the establishment of the helm of Samarra and irrigation projects cost Aztad collected factors of great importance in influencing the growth of the islands and breadth of its impact on the complexity of the river while Anddrash effect of the islands in the complexity of the stream was found to be the first act of the islands as a reaction to formed in the course is to divide the river into several streams minor and major as it reached the highest rates of bifurcation in the northern parts of the study area all the way to Tikrit and then begin the ratios bifurcation decline compared to their parts north of the study area as the percentage of bifurcation in the northern sector of the mouth of the Zab down to Tikrit, 1118 % while the proportion of bifurcation in the southern sector, Tikrit filled Samarra, only 74% for the year 1972 and all years studied, found that there is a clear increase of the rates of bifurcation in the northern sector of the Tigris River to the study area between the mouth of Zab down from Tikrit and less than bifurcation of the river between Tikrit, filled to the extent of Samarra itself.

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