AN ECONOMICAL AND TECHNICAL STUDY TO ESTIMATE AND ANALYZE VALUES AND PERCENTAGES OF WHEAT LOSSES DUE TO MECHANICAL HARVESTING IN  CUTTING AND THRESHING UNITS IN ALMASHRU REGION

	AN ECONOMICAL AND TECHNICAL STUDY TO ESTIMATE AND ANALYZE VALUES AND PERCENTAGES OF WHEAT LOSSES DUE TO MECHANICAL HARVESTING IN CUTTING AND THRESHING UNITS IN ALMASHRU REGION
AL-TAQANI
Article 1, Volume 19, Issue 3, 2006, Pages 0-0
Abstract
A losses problem of wheat crop is the important and dangerous economical problem in Iraq. This study was made to estimate and analyze percentages and values of wheat losses due to mechanical Harvest for two classes (Maxibac and Abugraib) and two varieties of combine (Ferguson and class) cutting and threshing units in Al - Mashru region which is about (65) km south of Baghdad for the season 2000 – 2001.The study included many locations , randomized samples reaches (180) by Randomized complete Block Design sixty samples before the combines entered the farm. (120) sample during the mechanical harvest operation. Samples were collected with wooden frames in (1) m2 area. After collecting the samples were weight and separated according to the plant class firstly and the kind of combine secondly.The result showed an increasing in losses quantity into cutting unit more than threshing unit for the two classes and kinds of combines, loose quantity was (34.3) kg / don in cutting unit for the Ferguson combine distributed as (21.4) kg / don for Maxibac class and (12.9) kg / don for Abugraib class. However this quantity was (29.7) kg / don in threshing unit distributed as (18.2) kg / don for Maxibac class and (11.5) kg / don for Abugraib class.The class combine loss quantity reaches in cutting unit (38.4) kg/don distributed as (23.7) kg / don for Maxibac class and (14.7) kg / don for Abugraib class, Hence the loss quantity in threshing unit was (33.7) kg/don distributed as (19.4) kg / don for Maxibac class and (14.3) kg / don for Abugraib class for the same combine.Also it appears that the Abugraib class decreased losses compared with Maxibac class . Separating samples in in terms of the kind of combine used shows that Ferguson combine reduced losses quantity more than Class combine. In the other hand Abugraib class is more significant than Maxibac class in getting less losses of wheat. Ferguson is more significant than class combine in getting less losses of wheat in cutting and threshing units.The study show that total losses percentage due to mechanic harvest is (24.93 %). The total waste value resulting from these losses was (20415) millions Iraqi dinars according to selling and purchasing price of our country for wheat crop for the season mentioned above . The total of waste quantity was (8713) tones, the financial losses were (319000) Iraqi dinars per donum.

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