Utilization of Wild Hawthorn Rootstock for Water Harvesting under Rainfed Condition in Sulaimani Governorate

M. Noori, Ibrahim; M. Hama Salieh, Fakhraddin; J. M. Ali, Jamil

	Utilization of Wild Hawthorn Rootstock for Water Harvesting under Rainfed Condition in Sulaimani Governorate
Journal of Tikrit University for the Humanities
Article 1, Volume 19, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 628-639
Authors
Ibrahim M. Noori; Fakhraddin M. Hama Salieh; Jamil J. M. Ali
Abstract
Abstract A study was conducted during two successive growing seasons 2009 and 2010 at Azmar mountain, Sulaimani city, Kurdistan Region-Iraq. The commercial cultivar of loquat was used as scion and hawthorn trees of 25-30 years old, grown naturally in the region were used as rootstock. The treatments consisted of three dates (mid May, early June and mid June) of grafting loquats onto wild howthorn trees during two successive seasons (2009 and 2010). The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications and twenty buds per replication. Least significant difference (LSD, P≤0.05) was used for mean separation. The percents of bud-take successes were recorded after two months of the budding operations, whereas the observations on different growth parameters were recorded at the end of the seasons. Significant influence of the interaction of budding season and budding time on budding success percentage and subsequent growth characteristics of loquat budded on hawthorn rootstock were observed. The maximum value of percent budding success (80.00%) was recorded when budding was done on mid-May 2010, followed by budding on mid-May 2009 (79.30%). Budding time-season interaction also resulted in the occurrence of highly significant differences in the length, budshoot diameter and the number of leaves per budshoot. Budding performed on mid-May 2010 gave the higher values of budshoot length and the number of leaves per budshoot (19.3 cm and 20.1), respectively. However, the higher value of budshoot diameter (12.2 mm) was obtained from budding performed on mid-May 2009. The results show that it is possible to graft irrigated economical fruit such as loquat which require about 700 mm rainfall /year or 7000 m3 water /ha/year on natural wild hawthorn rootstock under rain fed conditions without irrigations which means entirely depending on rainfall. Consequently the graftage results in water harvesting of about 7000 m3 water /ha/year and makes people more interested in using wild hawthorn rootstocks which resist severe ecosystems of shallow and rocky soils for fruit production under rain fed conditions .At the same time, it encourage people to maintains the natural plant resources of the region which is one of the greates national resources in the Iraqi – Kurdistan region. Moreover expanding of horticultural area is possible in margining area of the region. Keywords: Budding time, budding season, loquat, hawthorn, budding success, water harest.

Statistics Article View: 151 PDF Download: 65