Abstract
Sheikh Ahmed Alwa'aly is considered a distinct phenomenon in religious oration since his speeches had special merits which stayed in the minds of the hearers and scholars to be remembered. What had our intention is the structure of these distinguished orations. These orations include several levels of employment. So the research is an attempt to trace this employment and explain its levels. It is divided into two main parts. They are;
1-Religious employment;
This part traces the roots of textual cohesion in the lectures of Sheikh Alwa'aly, the reason for being accepted and the communicating between the hearers and the speaker by employing the artistic texts which is represented in;
A-Holy Quran;
We can find the speaker's prestige and speech had led him in his artistic creativity to an accurate employment for the Quranic text because it includes clarification, semantic depth and reliable proof that enabled him to get the hearer's attention and affect him. The employment is built upon balanced intellectual basis through intellectual approaches raised emotions and influenced people.
B- The prophet's tradition;
What we have noticed in Sheikh Ahmed lectures is his investment in prophet's honorable tradition to indicate the correctness of the idea, the safety of the opinion, the strength of the evidence and the beauty of the text because the traditions have rare qualities, miraculous aspects which is being said by the most honorable and most articulate Arab Pearson.
C- Ahlulbait (the holy house hold of the prophet Muhammad) tradition:
Those traditions were referential, scientific and educational. The talent that SheikhAhmed possessed as a man of literature, which is clear in his artistic writings, had been built according to a creative vision capable of revealing the content of the traditions and sayings, not only the speaker of those traditions and the their customs but to think in what he brought from sayings for suits the context as invented textual and semantic employment that the text requires or the context needs.
2- Levels of literary employment;
This part studies the literary aspects which seemed obvious in the discourse that formed an important part of the discourse for what is known about Sheikh Ahmed's rhetoric and his artistic ability and how he mastered the language. Therefore, any discourse of these lectures does not have accurate artistic employment which may vary in forms according to the text requirements for artistic employment or for contextual necessity. It was present clearly in his lectures and this employment was about:
A- Poetic employment;
The researcher concluded that Sheikh Ahmed Alwa'aly was employing Arabic poetry accurately in his religious lectures and speeches. That's because Sheikh Ahmed was distinguished poet and had beautiful artistic taste which made him invest many of poetic texts. This employment was two types;
1-His poetry:
Since Sheikh Ahmed was a poet, it became an obligation to find an employment for his poetry in the discourse of his lectures and sessions which is convenient to the subject under investigation that required this employment and gave it spiritual and artistic dimension.
2- General poetry:
We mean by this, his employment for poetrywhich had been said by poets love Alhulabait whether it was praise or lamentation picturing their lives, morals and noble manners. We could find him sometimes employing poetry which had been said in a different event or was meant to other than Ahlulabait. Therefore, he sees it appropriate to be said in their favor or it is more obvious in meaning, closer in declaring and rhetorically and artistically stronger.
B- Prosaic employment;
This kind of employment had a distinct presence in Sheikh Ahmed lectures for what this type of literature is respected by the Arabs who used to hear terseness and rhetoric which distinguishes it from other literary types. So we can notice it embodied in a form like any rhetoric wisdom which does not separate from Arabs' mindswhoare fascinated by wisdom as they are constant seekers for it. Besides, we can consider the presence of historical events for they are able to guide the discourse and define the tracks of the research or the lecture.
The results of the research can be summed up as follows;
1-Sheikh Ahmed Alwa'aly had drawn a new approach for Arabic rhetorical speech by depending on constant foundations beside the employment of Quranic text and literary text which resulted in a rule of textual expression and supporting psychological and social convenience for the discourse.
2- The Quranic verses formed a foundation in the structure of the text where they coincided and interacted with other factors of the text convincingly.
3- The conspicuousness of the quranic quotations and the simplicity of understanding them by the hearer without exhausting the mind.
4- The articulator invested the quranic verses in Almassumeen(Imams of the holy house hold) traditions of obligation to obey God (Allah), his messenger and Imams and to follow their lead, warnings about mutiny and obligation to unit Muslims.
5- The distinguished literary text has a contentwhich acquired a prevailing in meaning and beauty in form supported what the lecturer was aiming at where he tried to explicate it and investigate its complications.
6- The history has conspicuous presence in the speech discourse for it is able to enrich these texts and reveal its marks to explain the ambiguity of the history. And what it takes from depiction and enlightenment help to deepen the common factors among Muslims and their brothers of human kind. |