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معاهدة أرضروم الثانیة بین الدولة العثمانیة وإیران دراسة لعلاقات الدولتین خلال حقبة تبلور المعاهدة1843-1848 | ||
| Kirkuk University Journal: Humanity Studies | ||
| Article 11, Volume 6, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 114-137 | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Abstract This study deals with the treaty of Arzroum Signed between Ottoman State and Iran on May , 31st 1847 and ratified on March, 2nd 1848. This treaty was well- known as: Second treaty of Arzroum to distinguish it from earlier treaty contracted in the same city in 1823, holding the same( First treaty of Arzroum). This study has not deals with the terms of the treaty only, but looks at the circumstances which led the two States to agree upon. So we have to focus on the international and regional circumstances that affected and accompanied Contacting. Therefore, this study is divided into three sections. The first one dedicated to the relation between Ottoman State and Iran since 1832 when the first treaty Arzroum signed. This treaty was watershed in modern history of both States, because their great war were halted after that. However this treaty did not succeed in resolving all problems, particularly those of borders and trib movements. Thus, it is evident that a new treaty became inevitable. The second section deals with Situation between Ottoman State and Iran during the period of negotiations that leads to the second treaty of Arzroum, which lasted about four years, in which England and Russia mediated. These negotiations faced many difficulties because of those Ottoman – Persian long conflicts outstandingly Karbala accident led by Najeeb phash, the governor of Ottoman Baghdad Ealyet. As for the third section is devoted to study the text of the second treaty of Arzroum, and to analysis them. Also we discussed the problems raised by the Porte on the ambiguous clauses before Signing it, and the interpretation of two mediators, that were not known to the Iranian government. So, some problems remained unresolved. Finally, this study is based on primary sources and documents published and unpublished, Ottoman and Persians, wherever is possible. | ||
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