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The Effect Of The Erosion types On The TopographyOf Shatt Al-Arab River | ||
| basrah journal of science | ||
| Article 1, Volume 25, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 1-21 PDF (0 K) | ||
| Authors | ||
| ; ; | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The sigment of Shatt Al- Arab river, which lies between the Sundibad and Umm- Alrissass islands has been selected as a study area. The geometric properties of the banks were measured.. Nine river cross sections are selected in order to determine the annual linear erosion rates of the banks as well as the hydrological properties of Shatt Al- Arab river, and block failure. Field measurements were carriedout from Jan. to Dec. 2004. Echosounder was used to measure the depth, and the current meter was also applied to measure the water velocity. For calculation of erosion rate, the pin method and field observation were used. Six boreholes of 2 meters in depth were boring, three boreholes in each riverbank, for ground water level monitoring and to measure the geotechnical properties of riverbank soils. Theoretical equations were also applied to calculate the critical shear velocity. This study has shown that the two sides of all cross sections of the stations, except the west side at maqaal region, have been exposed to sedimentation process. The highest degree of the bed erosion has occurred at Hamdan region, while the lowest degree exist at Abu Flus region. The linear erosion rate of the banks varies, the highest value of the rate is between May and June, while the lowest value between December and February. The annual total rate which was calculated by the pin method is 0.26 m.year¹ and 0.24 m.year¹ by the field reference method. The block failure type is the common bank failure, and the cantilever failure is widspeard at some regions of Shatt Al- Arab river, whereas the rate of the soil volume removed from the banks in the form of blocks has been 0.38 m³.year¹ for each one meter of bank, this value has exceeded the rate of erosion calculated by the pin method | ||
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