STUDY OF CYTOLOGICAL  CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH  CONTAMINATED DATE PALM Phoenix dactylifera L.  TISSUE CULTURES WITH FUNGI

H. Abass, Mohammed; A. Hameed, Mohammed

	STUDY OF CYTOLOGICAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH CONTAMINATED DATE PALM Phoenix dactylifera L. TISSUE CULTURES WITH FUNGI
Journal of Basrah Researches (Sciences)
Article 1, Volume 32, Issue 1, 2006, Pages 15-27 PDF (0 K)
Authors
Mohammed H. Abass; Mohammed A. Hameed
Abstract
This study was conducted in the Laboratory of Date Palm Research Center- Basrah University to determine the Cytological changes associated with the contamination of callus of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) cultivars {Um-aldahen ;Hilllwai; Shuwayythi; Braim; Barhee and Sayer}with fungi which identified as Alternaria alternata ; Aspergillus clavatus; A.niger ; Penicillium spp; Rhizopus sp.; Scytalidium lignicola ; Stemphylium sp. and Ulocladium atrum. The results of extracellular enzymatic activity test proved that fungi were varied in their ability to secrete Phenol oxidase and Cellulase enzyme, the fungi S. lignicola ;Asp. niger and Alt. alternata surpassed in their secretion of tested enzymes, while the fungi Stemphylium sp & U. atrum gave a negative indicater for Phenol oxidase and Cellulase enzyme . The results of sections examination of callus cultures of different date palm cultivars contaminated with fungi showed clear degredation of paranchyma tissues, the degredation intensity was varied among tested cultivars. A complete degredation was evident in Hilllwai and Sayer cultivars in contrast with control callus, also the fungal spores were found in Sayer and Hillwai abundantely inter- and intracellularely, the lowest degree of degredation was found in the callus of Barheei ; Shuwayythi and Um-aldahen due to a restricted degredation in some cells of callus.
Keywords
Callus; cytological changes; date palm; enzymatic activity; fungalcontamination

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