Najem AL Shawi, E. (2009). The historical framework of the American- Turkish relation up to this year 1975. , 0(6), 162-187.

Essam Najem AL Shawi. "The historical framework of the American- Turkish relation up to this year 1975". , 0, 6, 2009, 162-187.

Najem AL Shawi, E. (2009). 'The historical framework of the American- Turkish relation up to this year 1975', , 0(6), pp. 162-187.

Najem AL Shawi, E. The historical framework of the American- Turkish relation up to this year 1975. , 2009; 0(6): 162-187.