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EFFECT OF XENIA ON TRAITS OF KERNEL AND EAR OF MAIZE SUB - SPECIES CROSSES | ||
| The Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Science | ||
| Article 1, Volume 38, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 113-124 | ||
| Authors | ||
| M.D. Yousif; Medhat M. Elsakookie | ||
| Abstract | ||
| To investigate the effect of xcnia in maize kernels and ears, five genotypes were intercrossed. One genotype of each of (Z mays L.) sub-species (everta. indurata, saccharata. indentata. and the white endosperm Denprofski were intercrossed. Fl and F2 kernels and Fl ears were investigated . The results showed that hybrid vigor or dominance were controlling kernel traits. The gene (Y) of yellow kernel was dominant over white (y) with a possibility of a modifying gene sharing action on this trail. Reciprocals proved the full control of female nuclei on kernel color. The ratio in F2 kernels was 3 yellow: 1 white. while its reciprocal gave 1:3 ratio. That was a clear cut of dominance and not xenia. However, other traits of kernel and ear were controlled by female nuclei indicating the effect of two nuclei of female genes on one nucleus of male pollen. Kernel weight showed hybrid vigor in Fl kernels (64%), and that kernel weight could be increased in Fl kernels and again in F2 kernels (on Fl plants) via hybrid vigor. Shape of dent was also controlled by female nuclei. and dent shape was dominant over flint when dent was female, and vice versa. Saccharata kernels gave dented kernels when used as female while it gave flint shape or mid - parent when used as male. Kernel shape was controlled by female nuclei. and sweet kernels had triangular shape recessive to round kernels. Long ear was dominant over short or gives mid - parent, and male effect was more important than female. Ears/plant and rows/ear were recessive traits, concluding that these two traits were of poly-minor genes. It was recommended that to produce an elite hybrid. we should cross long ear inbred (male) and heavier kernel weight (female) . Whereas, to produce prolific hybrids we should cross prolific x prolific inbrcds, for this trait was recessive, However, xcnia per se was not exist, but it was dominance or hybrid vigor controlling kernel and ear traits in maize. | ||
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