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PERFORMANCE OF SUNFLOWER AS INFLUENCED BY PLANTING SEASON AND DATE OF HARVEST: II. SEED QUALITY AND VIABILITY PARAMETERS * | ||
| The Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Science | ||
| Article 1, Volume 36, Issue 6, 2005, Pages 63-76 | ||
| Authors | ||
| R. M. Ali; M. M. Elsahookie; F. Baktash | ||
| Abstract | ||
| To investigate the effects of planting season and date of harvest on sunflower seed quality.and viability, field and laboratory experiments were carried out at the farm of Field Crops Research Sta./ Agric. Res, Center. Five A-line inbreds, and one R-line were crossed to produce five hybrids, grown and compared. Results revealed that spring and fall plantings gave; 18.1% and 27.3% seed moisture at harvest (SMH), 79% and 88% first count germination (FCG), 77% and 81% field emergence (FEP), 90% and 91% emergence in cold test (ECT), and 17 and 19 mg seedling dry weight (SDW), respectively. Meanwhile, harvesting seed at maturity and one month later gave; 31.8% and 13.5% (SMH), 86% and 80% (FCG), 82% and 72% (FEP), 91% and 90% (ECT), and 19 and 17 mg (SDW), respectively. Inbred and hybrid seeds responded differently to planting season and date of harvest. Accordingly, we could manage which inbred or hybrid to be grown or harvested. The results showed that (ECT) was not recommended to test seed viability, whereas (FCG) and (FEP) gave similar trends in their response to planting season and date of harvest. This recommends the use of either tests to judge seed viability instead of common germination test and (ECT). The maternal effect of cytoplasm of all inbreds have increased (SDG) according to a preprogramed organ weight/ growth rate relationship. Seeds of inbreds and hybrids gave average (FEP) of 83% and 81% in the spring, and 82% and 72% in the fall, respectively. Interactions of genotypes by planting season, and genotypes by date of harvest were significant and that indicates the different response of genotypes to both variables studied. | ||
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