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SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTOLOGICAL STUDY OF INJANA FORMATION (LATE MIOCENE) IN THE AREA EXTENDED FROM BAIJI TO SAMARRA CITIES, CENTRAL IRAQ | ||
| Iraqi Bulletin of Geology and Mining | ||
| Article 1, Volume 3, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 43-51 | ||
| Author | ||
| Muzahim A. Basi | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Detailed subsurface sedimentological study had shown that the sediments of Injana Formation (Late Miocene) in the area extended from Baiji to Samarra cities, central part of Iraq were deposited in fluviatile meandering channels system. These sediments represented by several large scale fining-upward cycles. In each cycle, two main facies were recognized; coarse grained sediments (facies 1) and fine grained sediments (facies 2). The coarse grained sediments facies represent channel deposits and are divided into two subfacies; intraformational conglomerates and sandstones. The fine grained sediments facies represent overbank environment and are divided into four subfacies; alternated claystone and/ or mudstone and siltstone sediments, mudstone and claystone sediments, coarsening-upward and small scale fining-upward sequences and carbonates. It is believed that vertical crustal movements during Miocene were an important factor in the repetition of large scale fining-upward cycles. However, the coarsening-upward and the small scale fining-upward subfacies, which are random in nature and interrupted the flood plain sediments might be related to the overbank sedimentation produced by crevasse splays. | ||
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