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THE HYDRO – STRUCTURAL INTERRELATIONS IN PART OF AL-RAZZAZAH BASIN, IRAQI WESTERN DESERT | ||
| Iraqi Bulletin of Geology and Mining | ||
| Article 1, Volume 4, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 35-47 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Ayser M. Al-Shamma; Qays J. Saud | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The studied basin is located to the west of Al-Razzazah Lake extending between longitude 42º 00' – 43º 45' E and latitude 32º 00' – 33º 15' N. It is a part of Al-Razzazah hydrogeological basin, including many wadies such as Ghadaf, Ubaiyidh and Slugi. The exposed geological formations in the area range in age from Cretaceous to the Pleistocene with various lithologies. This variation in lithology has remarkable effective impression on the geomorphological units represented by the karst features, shallow depressions and the intermittent wadies. The main aquifers in this basin lie within the Umm Er Radhuma, Dammam and Tayarat formations; which consist of intensively faulted fractured and karstified limestones and dolomites. Groundwater flow is from west and southwest toward east and northeast. Through structural study of the basin, it was found that a relation exists between the direction of the groundwater flow with the direction of the major faults. The Nukhaib Graben is considered as a site of groundwater accumulation, as a recharge area, while the discharge area is located and expresses itself in a series of springs along the Euphrates Fault Zone where the groundwater is shallow and will participate in the recharging of Al-Razzazah Lake. The analysis of the lineaments, delineated from satellite images and aerial photos show that the N40°– 60°E are the prevailed direction in addition to the N20° – 35°W trend. The transverse lineaments (E – W) control the behavior of the groundwater flow and the direction of the main wadies in the basin. According to the structural relation, an attempt was carried out to specify the best locations for exploitations through connecting the lineaments density map with the distribution of the hydraulic conductivity. It is concluded that there are no rules controlling the movement of groundwater through the faulted and karstified carbonate aquifers, and each case should be treated separately. | ||
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