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INFILTRATION RATES OF SOILS IN SOME LOCATIONS WITHIN ERBIL PLAIN, KURDISTAN REGION, NORTH IRAQ | ||
| Iraqi Bulletin of Geology and Mining | ||
| Article 1, Volume 6, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 127-137 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Kareem M. Hassan; Ali M. Surdashy; Galawezh B. Bapeer | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The present study includes infiltration capacity of Quaternary sediments in some locations at the middle part of Erbil Plain, which covers a total area of about 1670 Km2. Quaternary sediments cover about 85 % of the study area, which consists mainly of alluvial fans, slope, flood plain, and valley fill sediments. Aeolian sediments and some outcrops of Bai Hassan (ex- Upper Bakhtiari) Formation are also present in northeast, northwest and southeastern parts of the study area. Mukdadiya (ex-Lower Bakhtiari) Formation is also exposed in the northwestern part. For infiltration tests, seventeen localities are selected in different parts of the study area. These localities were selected according to the texture of the soil and kind of sediments. Depth of infiltration with time is determined for all selected locations. According to f(t) value, the infiltration capacity of the middle part of Erbil Plain is between Slow – Rapid. The study area is classified in to three zones (A, B and C) based on infiltration results: Zone A: Is located at the northeastern and southeastern parts of the study area, it is characterized by medium rate of infiltration. Zone B: Is located at the southern part of the study area, it is characterized by slow to medium rate of infiltration. Zone C: Is located at the northern, northwestern and southwestern parts of the study area, it is characterized by medium to rapid rate of infiltration. The infiltration capacity results indicated that all parts, except the southern part, of the study area are considered as a good recharge area for Erbil city, so it is recommended not to use these areas for heavy construction projects to remain as a source of recharge for Erbil city. Whereas, the southern part of the study area is characterized by slow to medium rate of infiltration capacity. The lithology of the deep wells indicated that the southern part mainly consists of clay with few silt intercalations, where the clay is characterized by high porosity, but low permeability, so the rate of infiltration is low. The other parts of the study area consist of alternation of gravel, sand, silt and clay. Where the gravel, sand and silt are characterized by high porosity and permeability, so the rate of infiltration is high. | ||
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