G. Issa, I., K. Fleah, I., V. Khachiek, T., D. Bader, N., M.K. Mustafa, A. (2011). BIOBLEACHING OF AL-SOOFI AND DWAIKHLA KAOLINS FROM IRAQI WESTERN DESERT, FOR PAPER INDUSTRY. , 7(2), 69-78.
Ibtisam G. Issa; Ibtihal K. Fleah; Tanya V. Khachiek; Noor D. Bader; Alaa M.K. Mustafa. "BIOBLEACHING OF AL-SOOFI AND DWAIKHLA KAOLINS FROM IRAQI WESTERN DESERT, FOR PAPER INDUSTRY". , 7, 2, 2011, 69-78.
G. Issa, I., K. Fleah, I., V. Khachiek, T., D. Bader, N., M.K. Mustafa, A. (2011). 'BIOBLEACHING OF AL-SOOFI AND DWAIKHLA KAOLINS FROM IRAQI WESTERN DESERT, FOR PAPER INDUSTRY', , 7(2), pp. 69-78.
G. Issa, I., K. Fleah, I., V. Khachiek, T., D. Bader, N., M.K. Mustafa, A. BIOBLEACHING OF AL-SOOFI AND DWAIKHLA KAOLINS FROM IRAQI WESTERN DESERT, FOR PAPER INDUSTRY. , 2011; 7(2): 69-78.

BIOBLEACHING OF AL-SOOFI AND DWAIKHLA KAOLINS FROM IRAQI WESTERN DESERT, FOR PAPER INDUSTRY

Iraqi Bulletin of Geology and Mining
Article 1, Volume 7, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 69-78
Authors
Ibtisam G. Issa; Ibtihal K. Fleah; Tanya V. Khachiek; Noor D. Bader; Alaa M.K. Mustafa
Abstract
Iraqi kaolin of Dwaikhla and Al-Soofi deposits were biobleached using the mold Aspergillus niger. The major discoloring of these clays is due to the presence of iron, titanium oxides and organic impurities. In this work, the Fe2O3 content of Al-Soofi Kaolin was lowered by 28.31% (from 2.19% down to 1.57%), while the Fe2O3 content of Dwaikhla Kaolin was lowered by 31.25% (from 1.61% down to 1.10%). The TiO2 content was also lowered by 33.6% and 27.0% (from 1.16% and 1.48% to 0.77% and 1.08%) for Al-Soofi and Dwaikhla Kaolin, respectively. It was found that the brightness of these clays was improved by the biobleaching process from 47.61 to about 59.59; for Al-Soofi Kaolin and from 63.23 to about 69.08, for Dwaikhla Kaolin. It is also worth to mention that wet sieving of Dwaikhla Kaolin on 45µ sieve improved the brightness up to 70.98.
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