INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVESIAE AND KLUYVEROMYCES MARXIANUS AGAINST RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF SEED ROT AND SEEDLING DAMPING OFF DISEASE IN TOMATO

A. Issa, Adnan; M. Saleh, Nahida; A. Hamad, Rakib

	INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF SACCHAROMYCES CEREVESIAE AND KLUYVEROMYCES MARXIANUS AGAINST RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF SEED ROT AND SEEDLING DAMPING OFF DISEASE IN TOMATO
The Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Science
Article 1, Volume 43, Issue 0, 2013, Pages 85-94
Authors
Adnan A. Issa; Nahida M. Saleh; Rakib A. Hamad
Abstract
The research was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Saccharomyces cerevesiae and Kluyveromyces marxianus against Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agents of seedling damping–off in tomato, in culture media and in pots under greenhouse conditions . S. cerevesiae at 1; 2; 3; 4 and 5 g/L and one ml of K. marxianus suspention at 3×106 cell/ml were added to the potato dextrose agar (PDA) media in petridishes. Each petridish was then inoculated with a disk of 0.5 cm from new culture of R. solani. Yeasts treated soil were inoculated with R. solani inoculum at 0.5 % (g/g) and cultivated with tomato seeds. Yeasts treated seeds were cultivated in R. solani contaminated soil. The biological activity of S. cerevesiae and K. marxianus against R. solani were found to be 35.68 and 31.3% respectively in culture media after 3 days of incubation at 25 oc + 2. The inhibition percentage of R. solani were 85 ; 86.66 ; 86.66 ; 87.77 and 87.77% at 1; 2; 3; 4 and 5 g/L of S. cerevesiae respectively. The addition of K. marxianus suspension to PDA at 3×106 cell / ml was completely inhibited R. solani growth. The filtrates of S. cerevesiae and K. marxianus reduced the dry biomass weight of R. solani to 0.0491 and 0.0520 g respectively compared with 0.1101 g in control. Seed and soil treatment with K. marxianus suspension at 3 x 106 and 2 x 104 cell / ml respectively, showed higher effect than other treatments in reducing dampin –off of tomato seedling, attained to 3.3 and 0.0% compared with 63.33 and 0.0% respectively under greenhouse conditions. This reduction in disease incidence was accompanied with increasing of peroxidase activity.

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