Spatial variation for the cultivation of sunflower crop in Iraq                                                   (the study of geography in quantity)

Al-Abadi, Kazem

	Spatial variation for the cultivation of sunflower crop in Iraq (the study of geography in quantity)
Adab Al-Kufa
Article 1, Volume 1, Issue 14, 2018, Pages 179-226
Author
Kazem Al-Abadi
Abstract
The yield of sunflower crop oil industry, economically important to use the seeds in the production of oil, especially fat food, it constitutes 93% of the types of oils manufactured locally, so this is the crop of strategic crops achieve food security in the future, especially if the expansion of the vertical and grown in the horizontal Research problem Crop acreage under sunflower in Iraq fluctuate from year to year, which suggests the existence of relationships between different crop acreage on the one hand and the impact of different geographic factors on the other. Aim of the research . This research aims to reveal the reasons for the spatial variation of the area planted to sunflower crop, according to the spatial relations that are associated with and contribute significantly to explain this discrepancy. Research hypothesis . The research contained processing spatial relations that are related to cultivation of crop sunflower as independent variables with a direct impact and indirect crop sunflower, and follow the researcher use the statistical analysis (SPSS) to find this relationship away from subjective judgments and close to the substantive provisions because the statistical significance be more accurate and far from the accident, if they occur, so the researcher adopted a quantitative method and some of the statistical methods As a key tool in the representation of spatial properties of geographic phenomena, in order to test the validity of assumptions used in the research, the researcher in his research on the steps (13) assume or attempt to statistically represented in the geographical maps of the geographical distribution of the sunflower crop. Baptized, every one of them in the interpretation of spatial variation for the cultivation of sunflower crop in Iraq, which is linked to a number of variables by which we can access to the best explanation for the spatial variation of the sunflower crop . The researcher in the analysis of statistical system (SPSS) to get the results recorded in the appendices are installed in the research has used statistical relationships such as the regression equation is simple linear and multiple, and the correlation coefficient and the selection in addition to the use of grading standard in the classification results, especially the results of regression coefficient resulting from the difference between values are seen and expected, and so-called residuum according to the statistical relationships and through the researcher was able to reach the following conclusions 1) the labor-prominent role in the reasons for the variance of crop sunflower where distributed (10) provinces within the category standard middle and especially in the last attempt, and by observing the map number (4), (15) that the labor of more independent variables influence the interpretation of reasons varied crop sunflower. 2) had a maize crop of the most agricultural crops impact on the causes of variation in crop sunflower since all the provinces within the category standard Central and is located within the category standard for an attempt last and this demonstrates the effect of maize crop to crop sunflower note that of crops and oil crops within many industries, especially the vegetable oil industry. 3) that the agricultural investment for the crop, sunflower is influenced by a range of variables and is not a variable one, it is shown by the attempts by the researcher and compared with the sun flower plantings could be found through the use of statistical standards with the exception of two variables are bound and yield of maize 4) There is a clear discrepancy between the governorates of Iraq regarding the role of the independent variables used in the study to analyze the spatial relationships for the cultivation of sunflower crop, and the provinces (Babylon, Diyala) of Iraq's provinces more affected by cultivation of this crop, it occurred within the middle class standard

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