Effect of Aqueous Extracts and Alcohol of  Turmeric, Thyme and  Cardamom in Fungus Growth Aspergillus flavus and Production Efficiency of Aflatoxin B1 and B2

	Effect of Aqueous Extracts and Alcohol of Turmeric, Thyme and Cardamom in Fungus Growth Aspergillus flavus and Production Efficiency of Aflatoxin B1 and B2
journal of kerbala university
Article 1, Volume 7, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 119-130 PDF (0 K)
Abstract
Laboratory experiments were carried out in the postgraduate laboratories, Biology Department – College of Education / Kerbala University .Studying the viability extracts of plant; aqueous and alcohol of the dried plants turmeric Curcuma longa , thyme Thymus vulgaris and cardamom Elettaria cardamomum ،in fungus grown Aspergillus flavus and production – aflatoxin B1 and B2 . Plant extracts had been used at concentrations (5, 10 and 15) mg / ml to study its impact on the growth of fungus A.flavus in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) containing these extracts, so it was found that, extracted alcohol of turmeric, thyme inhibit mold growth completely at all concentrations, except the concentration 5 mg / ml of alcohol extract of thyme, and alcoholic extracts of plants superior to the aqueous extract in inhibiting the growth of fungus, extracts inhibitory caused preventing the formation of spores as it appeared in a small white isolate. The fungus grown with concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 mg / ml of alcoholic extract of turmeric and aqueous of thyme showed the disappearance of aflatoxin B1 and B2. as well as , results showed that the treatment of fungus concentration of 15 and 10 mg / ml of aqueous extract of turmeric and alcohol of thyme did not show aflatoxin B1 and B2 , while the concentration 5 mg / ml showed the presence of aflatoxin B1 for both extracts. The aqueous extract and alcohol of the cardamom prevented the appearance of aflatoxin B1 and B2 at a concentration of 15 mg / ml, and concentration 10 mg / ml showed aflatoxin B1 , while the aflatoxin B1 and B2 appeared at a concentration of 5 mg / ml of the aqueous extract and the type B1 of alcohol extract appeared with the same concentration. Results showed that using several chemicals reagents as effective plant extracts contained many of the active compounds as preservatives, thyme alcohol extract contained all compounds that were previously mentioned except saponins , while the aqueous extract of thyme did not contain saponins , resins and flavonoids , while aqueous and alcohol extraction of the cardamom did not contain resins , flavonoids , phenols , fuocoumarins and triterpenoids , as well as the absence of alkaloids in the alcohol extract to the cardamom and saponins in the aqueous extract of the cardamom , and contained extract alcohol of turmeric on glycosides , resins, carbohydrates, phenols, and the disappearance of the alkaloids and tannins, resins and flavonoids and fuocoumarins and triterpenoids in the aqueous extract of turmeric .

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