Demographic characteristics - geographic and population problems in Iraq for the period 1987-2007.

	Demographic characteristics - geographic and population problems in Iraq for the period 1987-2007.
journal of kerbala university
Article 1, Volume 5, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 116-138 PDF (0 K)
Abstract
In order to shed light on all the course of research and achieve the desired objectives related to the geographic and demographic characteristics of the problems suffered by residents of the country and that can be highlighted through the folds of research and as follows: (1) The number of Iraq's population, around mid-2007 (29682081) million after the number was in the census of 1997, which (22,046,244) million, an increase of absolute rate (7.6%) and an annual (5.7%). (2) low total fertility rate and crude birth rate among the population of the country and clearly since 1990, I dropped from (6.3) born to (5.3), born in 1994 and dropped the second (60) born in 1990 to (28.1), born in 1994, and this evidence of the fact that the Iraqi population live growth phase transition. (3) the gradual decline of the crude mortality rate and infant together and faster rates of fertility and population growth rate in mid-2007 to (2.7) per thousand and decreased mortality (55) thousand in 2002 and to (51) thousand in 2004. (4) low proportion of young (0-14 years) by (9.4%) for middle-aged (15-59 years) in 2007 compared to 1997 as the percentage (6.7%). (5) improve maternal health due to improved fertility pattern of lower total fertility rate and private, which has emerged through the extraction of the correlation coefficient between the rate of total fertility rate and maternal mortality, as was the correlation coefficient to (0.68), meaning the low rate of maternal mortality by one (68%) at birth 100000 live births. (6) high dependency rates, crude and dependency rates, the real with the contrast between the provinces, with an average maintenance of crude at the country level (85.0) (79.7 for young and 5.2 for adults) At the provincial level came province of Muthanna, the highest percentage (89.8 (84.7 for young and 5.08 for adults), the highest rate of the country and in Salahuddin province, 89.3 (84.2 for children and 5.09 for adults) in mid-2007 while the rate of dependency on the level of the real diameter of 6.4 people per economically active person. (7) received the province of Baghdad (the capital), the vast majority of the population size of (7.14547 million) million in 2007, a rate (24.7%) of the total population of the country for the same year, this underlines the received streams of internal migration and confirmed by several studies. (8) The inhabitants of the diameter of the low rate of economic activity through the review of rates of economic activity in 1997 of (17.01%) of workers and to whom (11.8%) only, as follows: • low economic activity rate among the population of the country who are over the age of 15 years to 17.01% and the staff were to 11.8%. • Distribution of the economically active population of Iraq, according to the three main sectors of activity as follows: - the first sector (48.7%) the second (12.1%) third (17.01%). • The distribution of the economically active according to scientific status as follows: - employer 6.5%, 52.7% paid staff working out, worked for a family of 6.5%. (9) the distribution of Iraq's population has seen clear contrast distracted and focused. • The density of public at the country level about 68.2 inhabitants / km 2. • The physiological density at the country level about 2086 inhabitants / km 2. • concentration of population in the provinces of Baghdad, Babylon, as a proportion of inhabitants (29.6%) of the total population of the country in 2007 while the proportion of Messahthma not exceed (2.2%) of the total area of the country. And the rest of the population of 70.4 living on an area of approximately 97.8% of the total area. (10) due to the low proportion of agricultural workers decreased agricultural production (31%) of the value of GDP in 2000 to 6.6% of GDP in 2005, as adopted country on the import of food commodities due to drought, low rainfall and the variability of water levels in rivers Tigris and Euphrates, which has helped push the unemployment rate to 17.9% in 2005. (11) different distribution of the proportion of urban population and levels of urbanization by province went up in Baghdad province to 86.7% of the total population of the country in 2007 came after the provinces of Sulaymaniyah, Dahuk, Erbil, Missan, Basra, with rates ranging between (70.1% and 73.1% and 75.9% and 76.9% and 78.2%), respectively. (12) and to solve all the problems that have been reviewed researcher recommends the relevant authorities to adopt a policy of economic, social and cultural take country-levels of neighboring countries or more, providing free health services to segments of society and to provide employment opportunities in different levels to reduce unemployment amounting to (17.9) in 2005 in particular the work of agricultural and water supply by modern methods of spraying and punctuation and to encourage local agricultural production and reduce dependence on imported it.

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