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SELECTION FOR HEAVIER SEED IN SUNFLOWER BY HONEYCOMB 2- GRAIN YIELD AND COMPONENTS | ||
| The Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Science | ||
| Article 1, Volume 44, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 154-163 | ||
| Authors | ||
| F. Y. Baktash; M. M. Elsahookie; A. S. Al-Rawi | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The local non-oil (Helianthus anuus L.) cv. Shumoos was used to study the effect of selection by honey comb method on the weight and size of sunflower seeds. The seeds were planted in the spring of 2011 by honey comb method with space 1.3m be-tween furrows and 1.5m between plants. Selection on larger capitulum, larger seed, and heavier seed were approved to in-crease the percentage of large seeds in the population. Superior plants, in properties, have been selected and self-pollinated. Then, seeds were planted and left panmixia. The resulting seeds were planted along with original seeds evaluation in a plant density of 40000, 50000, and 60000 plant.ha-1.The results showed that there was a higher growth of the selected genotype 2 which gave 10.11 g.plant-1.day-1 compared with the original (6.79 g plant-1 day-1) . The selected genotype 1 had 131 mg seed weight, higher than the original (116 mg). However, the selected genotype 2 was higher in seed yield (10.17 t ha-1), compared with the original (6.57 t ha-1). Selection by honey comb increased the percentage of seeds longer than 18 mm and seeds kernel ratio of the two genotypes 1 and 2 recorded 67.5% and 49.7%, respectively, compared with the original for seeds longer than 18mm. The selected genotype 2 gave the highest kernel ratio (79%) of the seeds longer than 18mm while the ratio of the same genotype for the length 15–18mm was 84.5%. This was due to additive gene action in honey comb selection program. It was recommended to use honey comb selection to improve seed weight by increasing frequency of their plant in the population for more selection cycles. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| leaf area; head diameter; days to flowering and maturity | ||
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