Toxicity of oil and dispersant mixtures to several species of molluscs collected from Shatt Al – Arab river

Al-Adhubc, A.H.Y.; Al-Saadb, H.T.; And,; Farida, W.A.

	Toxicity of oil and dispersant mixtures to several species of molluscs collected from Shatt Al – Arab river
Marsh Bulletin
Article 1, Volume 6, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 134-147 PDF (0 K)
Authors
A.H.Y. Al-Adhubc; H.T. Al-Saadb; ; W.A. Farida
Abstract
The present toxicity experiments show that the oil and dispersant ( Corexit 8666 ) mixtures are more toxic to all species than either net crude oil or dispersant , net or diluted . In the case of BP 1100X and BP 1100 dispersants , however , the oil and dispersant mixtures are more toxic to M . tuberculata , C . fluminea and C . fluminalis than the oil alone and just as toxic as the dispersant alone when undiluted , when the dispersant in the mixtures is diluted ( i.e. with river water ) , however , then the mixtures are relatively very low in toxicity . For L . auricularia , T . jordani , P . acuta and M . nodosa with BP 1100X and BP 1100 , the oil and dispersant mixtures are more toxic than oil alone and just as toxic as the net or diluted dispersant . For all species , the lower the concentration of dispersant in river water ( without any oil ) , the lower the mortalities ; the exception to this is the Corexit 8666 which resulted in a lower mortalities when net than when diluted for all species of molluscs . The order of sensitivity of species of molluscs tested are as follows : L . auricularia > P . acuta > M . nodosa > T . jordani > M . tuberculata > C . fluminalis > C . fluminea . The overall acute effects of hydrocarbons on the species of molluscs tested are abnormal activities , narcosis and anesthesia , the loss of ability to react to the external cue , rapture the tissues and die.

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