Effect of Water Level and Drainage Period on Some Soil Physical Properties and Water Use Efficiency for Rice Plant

	Effect of Water Level and Drainage Period on Some Soil Physical Properties and Water Use Efficiency for Rice Plant
Euphrates Journal of Agriculture Science
Article 1, Volume 5, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 131-137
Abstract
Abstract : This study is aiming at discovering the effect of water levels above soil surface and the periods of sub-surface drainage on the growth, yield and water use efficiency of rice, and this effect on some soil physical properties. The experiment was conducted in soil department- Agriculture college- Baghdad University. Soil samples gathered from Abu-Graib area, depth 30 cm, afterwards, these samples had been put in plastic containers; height 36 cm, diameter 30 cm, and rice seeds had been cultivated by 20 seeds for each container, thinned after one month to 5 plants/ container. The drainage treatment included four treatments; without drainage (control), daily drainage, drainage every 3 days and drainage every 7 days. The water levels treatment included; the first is zero, the second is water level 5 cm and the third is 10 cm. the measured data, accounting the additional quantity of water for each treatment and measuring some soil physical properties such as (hydraulic conductivity, bulk density and aggregate stability). Also calculated the dry weight roots and yield /container. The study reached to a result that the hydraulic conductivity reduce generally with increasing water levels from 0.0 to 10 cm. the higher aggregate stability, hydraulic conductivity resulted from the daily drainage treatment. The additions of water levels above soil surface has a passive effect on water use efficiency, and saving by adding water, on basis of the actual need of the plants leads to decreasing water losses and increase the water use efficiency

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