Economic reform and economic development in selected Arab countries

Ali Al.mersome And Hossien Ali Ketan, Prof.mahmod

	Economic reform and economic development in selected Arab countries
Al Kut Journal of Economics Administrative Sciences
Article 1, Volume 0, Issue 0, 2018, Pages 4-46
Author
prof.mahmod ali al.mersome and hossien ali ketan
Abstract
Abstract The subject of the economic reform of the more topics the attention of researchers and writers of different affiliation intellectual, and that the goal of the asylum developing countries to adopt economic reform programs is to address the external debt and structural imbalances and promote economic growth and meet the requirements of development, comes this research to characterize the economic reform, which is adopted by the IMF and the World Bank and knowing the strategy adopted by the economic reform programs in achieving economic development in developing countries, which suffer from underdevelopment and not keep pace with the countries of the advanced capitalist economically, the research found that the policies of economic reform programs implemented by the Egyptian government could not achieve economic growth rates high and stable guarantees for development but it made economic improvement in some economic indicators. I miss Iraq before 2003 to the existence of economic philosophy and a clear guarantee the achievement of economic development after 2003 resulted in policies and programs of economic reform to achieve positive results by reducing inflation and stabilize the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar and the high value and high volume of foreign exchange reserves, amounting to 60 billion dollar reduction (80%) of external debt as well as scheduling, either GDP has witnessed improved by increasing oil exports and not the result of increasing the contribution of other economic sectors that make up the ratios contribution is low in output, also contributed to the process of opening up the outside to attract foreign direct investment to Iraq and was below the required level to contribute to the process of reconstruction and economic development, and the negative results contributed by these policies in terms led to the reduction of government subsidies on oil derivatives, resulting in a higher average household spending monthly on a range of housing, water, fuel and transportation. It also led the process of opening up to the high external deficit in the trade balance. As we conclude that the economic reform programs in Iraq did not succeed in achieving comprehensive economic reform and that the existence of a set of challenges, the most important foreign debt and compensation and the lack of political stability and security and the effects of economic reform and financial and administrative corruption, which is the scourge of necrosis in the structure of the Iraqi economy. When therefore adopt economic reforms should not be applied fully ready-made recipes, but must be adapted to suit the economic and social reality in Egypt and Iraq.

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