The role of the Jews of Iraq in business activity  1831-1914

Hussein Abd Al-Jubouri, Ahmed; Khaliq Grace Jassim Mohammed Al-Obeidi, Abdul

	The role of the Jews of Iraq in business activity 1831-1914
JOURNAL OF HISTORICAL & CULTURAL STUDIES an academic magazin
Article 1, Volume 5, Issue 15, 2013, Pages 227-272
Authors
Ahmed Hussein Abd al-Jubouri; Abdul Khaliq grace Jassim Mohammed al-Obeidi
Abstract
Excellence Iraq geographical location is important, which is of course reflected on the economic situation, especially trade and upon which activate other economic aspects of agricultural and industrial, as population growth and diversity give an economically diverse, as well as differences in the distribution of population between rural and the city contributes to determine the type of work each individual's economic and according to available data. Because you, love Jews to raise money contributed and effectively in economic activity since ancient times, leading to the era of Islamic and Ottoman, and with the very beginnings of the nineteenth century and because of the industrial revolution that emerged in Europe in all aspects and the development of transport hurried Jews and greatly in contributing to domestic trade and foreign, relying on accumulated experience in this aspect to acquire the largest share of this trade, making them the owners of prestige in the administration and management of Iraq's trade and economy growth or progressing , so barely end of the nineteenth century until becoming the Jewish domination Iraqi trade two branches of up to 95%. This matter leads us to shed light on how the work out of Iraqi Jews in the management of this file and successfully allalong period study, and what are the ways in which they used in Section Z constructive competition that stands in front of them by the local traders and foreigners, and how they proved presence In the midst of the difficult political situation which they were exposed to by the ruling authorities in Iraq and their workers in order to collect the largest amount of money from them through taxes and royalties whenever quartz financial difficulties. Subject of the study were divided into two sections, dealing with the first topic: the role of the Jews of Iraq in 1831-1914 internal trade, and how they managed it from the farthest village or township Iraqi to major urban centers in the Iraqi States, and how the allocation of agents and mostly of the congregation These centers, as well as they lived the reality of the Iraqi people at the time, which gave them experience in their knowledge of the goods and products that you need the various Iraqi market from south to north. The second topic: speaks on the role played by Jews in the control of foreign trade through their knowledge of the most important centers of global trade, and private Indian them and the British, by the Jewish communities of Iraq deployed in these centers, which gave them a great opportunity to get rid of the mediator foreign, which leads to a decrease in the prices of their goods. May be you say this object depend or relied upon on a group of Arab and Arabized sources as well as foreign sources, and from the first of these sources, the book Hanna Batatu, Iraq ((social classes and revolutionary movements)), the first book / and who devoted full Mbgesa Jews commercial activity and how they obsession or control on this trade and what are the ways that made them superior to others, The second source was to Ghada Hamdi Abdel-Salam, Jews in Iraq 1856-1920, which spoke in some detail about the role of Jews in the commercial sector and the richest Find valuable information in this aspect, research also relied on one British and documents bearing the number ( FO371 1067 2537 ), Which confirmed and is debatable to control enjoyed by Jews in the acquisition of Iraq's internal trade and foreign as well as a variety of sources that I spoke about this role.
Keywords
Tikrit University

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