| Abstract: Bahrain extended in the pre-Islamic era and the middle ages on each coast of the Arabian Gulf starting from Basra to Oman in the south, this site gave it an advantage of contact feature with other nations through maritime trade.2T This region 2T7Tinhabited by 7Tnorthern tribes (Adnania) such as Abd al-Qays, Bakr bin Wael ,Tamim as well as inhabited by the Yemeni tribes (Qahtanih) a tribe of Azd. It was the Persian empire that dominated 2Tthis2T 2Tregion2T, 2Tespecially2T 2Tthe urban2T 2Tcities2T, and collision with the Arab tribes such as Abd-qays and Tamim due to trade exposure so they put Fares on Arab tribes as an agent to 2Trestore2T 2Tsecurity2T 2Tin2T 2Tthis2T 2Tregion ,2T also in this region a non-Arab people lived, the most important element Persian which Arab sources calls the (Gilan) from Estkher worked in land reclamation and cultivation in Bahrain ,also lived in this region other people who were part of a Persian state ,but they are not Persians such as Al-saybjh, and Zt , they are people from India, were in the Persian army as mercenaries, and continued to work after Islam to escort commercial vessels and in some Islamic institutions which shows their devotion to their work. |